跳至主要内容

A Review of Technical Requirements for High Penetration of Wind Power Systems

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52361#.VJN8VcCAM4

Renewable portfolio targets have been established in many regions around the world. Regional targets such as 20% renewable energy by year 2020 are not uncommon. As the levels of wind power penetration increase, there are many power system impacts. This work investigated possible challenges and technical requirements for high penetration of wind power systems. The main issues to discuss covers reserve determination, wind power forecasting, unit commitment with appropriate generation portfolio, wind turbine and storage system technical development, demand response management, electricity market design, and frequency stability.
Cite this paper
Wu, Y. , Lee, T. , Hsieh, T. and Lin, W. (2014) A Review of Technical Requirements for High Penetration of Wind Power Systems. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 2, 11-17. doi: 10.4236/jpee.2014.212003. 
 

[1] Porter, K. and Rogers, J. (2010) Status of Centralized Wind Power Forecasting in North America. Report REL/ SR-550-47853. NREL, Colorado.
[2] Tuohy, A., Meibom, P., Denny, E. and O’Malley, M. (2009) Unitcommitment for Systems with Significant Wind Penetration. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 24, 592-601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2009.2016470
[3] Lew, D., Bird, L., Milligan, M., Speer, B., Wang, X. and Carlini, E.M. (2013) Wind and Solar Curtailment—Preprint. Report NREL/CP-5500-60245. NREL, Colorado.
[4] Porter, K., Rogers, J. and Wiser, R. (2011) Update on Wind Curtailment in Europe and North America.
[5] Bertsch, J., Growitsch, C., Lorenczik, S. and Nagl, S. (2012) Flexibility Options in European Electricity Markets in High RES-Escenarios—Study on Behalf of the International Energy Agency. Energiewirtschaftliches Institutan Der Universit?t ZuK?ln (EWI), Germany.
[6] Gross, R., Heptonstall, P., Anderson, D., Green, T., Leach, M. and Skea, J. (2006) The Costs and Impacts of Intermittency. London UKERC.
[7] Ding, Y., Singh, C., Goel, L. and Wang, P. (2014) Short-Term and Medium-Term Reliability Evaluation for Power Systems With High Penetration of Wind Power. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 5, 896-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2014.2313017
[8] Karki, R., Thapa, S. and Billinton, R. (2012) A Simplified Risk-Based Method for Short-Term Wind Power Commitment. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 3, 498-505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2012.2190999
[9] Critz, D.K., Busche, S. and Connors, S. (2013) Power Systems Balancing with High Penetration Renewables: The Potential of Demand Response in Hawaii. Energy Conversion and Management, 76, 609-619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.07.056
[10] Holtinen, H., Meibom, P., Orths, A., Van Hulle, F., Lange, B. and Malley, M.O. (2009) IEA Wind Task 25 Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power. Final Report, Phase One 2006-08. VVT Technical Research Centre, Helsinki.
[11] Giebel, G. (2011) SafeWind Deliverable D1.2: The State of the Art in Short-Term Prediction of Wind Power. Risoe DTU. Wind Energy Division, Roskilde.
[12] Ernst, B., Schreier, U., Berster, F., Scholz, C., Erbring, H. and Schlunke, S. (2010) Large-Scale Wind and Solar Integration in Germany. Report PNNL-19225. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Rich-land.
[13] Gonzalez-Longatt, F., Chikuni, E. and Rashayi, E. (2013) Effects of the Synthetic Inertia from Wind Power on the Total System Inertia after a Frequency Disturbance. IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 826-832.
[14] ESB National Grid, Impact of Wind Power Generation in Ireland on the Operation of Conventional Plant and the Economic Implications, 2004.
[15] Miller, N.W., Shao, M., Venkataraman, S., Loutan, C. and Rothleder, M. (2012) Frequency Response of California and WECC under High Wind and Solar Conditions. IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.
[16] Piwko, R., Osborn, D., Gramlich, R., Jordan, G., Hawkins, D. and Porter, K. (2005) Wind Energy Delivery Issues. IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, 3, 47-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MPAE.2005.1524620
[17] Fabbri, A., Roman, T.G.S. Abbad, J.R. and Quezada, V.H.M. (2005) Assessment of the Cost Associated with Wind Generation Prediction Errors in a Liberalized Electricity Market. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 20, 1440-1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2005.852148
[18] Elkraft System, Long-Term Challenges in the Electricity System. 2005.
[19] Hawaiian Electric Company. Demand-Side Management Programs: Accomplishments and Surcharge Report. Public Utilities Commission of the State of Hawaii, Honolulu, 2010.
[20] Official Journal of the European Union, Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the Promotion of the Use of Energy from Renewable Sources.
[21] Gormley, J. (2008) Minister for Environment, Heritage and Local Government. Ireland Press Release.
[22] Deane, J.P., ó Gallachóir, B.P. and McKeogh, E.J. (2010) Techno-Economic Review of Existing and New Pumped Hydro Energy Storage Plant. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14, 1293-1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.015
[23] Byrne, D. (2010) Science foundation Ireland. Ireland-Taiwan Work shop on ICT and Energy. Keynote Address.
[24] O’Halloran, B. (2012) Wind Energy Limit See sESB Put h40m Project on Hold. The Irish Times. http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2012/0227/1224312437178.html                             eww141219lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

The Influence of Heated Soil in Crop of “Tamaris” Tomato Plants on the Biological Activity of the Rhizosphere Soil

Tomato is a plant with high heat requirements and sensitive to cold weather and frost. The optimum temperature for the growth of tomato plants is between 21˚C and 27˚C during the day and between 17˚C and 21˚C at night. The soil temperature is also very important for plant growth. The optimum soil temperature for tomato cultivation should be within the range 15˚C - 18˚C. Besides, the proper development of the root system depends on the optimal temperature of the soil. A temperature below 14˚C reduces and inhibits the growth of the root system and encourages the development of fungal and bacterial diseases. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the effect of heated soil on the population of bacteria, fungi and nematodes inhabiting the soil of tomato cultivar “Tamaris” growing in peat and coconut substrates. The experiment was carried out in 12 treatments and in 3 replications (one slab was one replication). The soils were tested in two different types of containers: cylinders...
发表评论
阅读全文

A Comparison of Methods Used to Determine the Oleic/Linoleic Acid Ratio in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food crop. It is also a cheap source of protein, a good source of essential vitamins and minerals, and a component of many food products. The fatty acid composition of peanuts has become increasingly important with the realization that oleic acid content significantly affects the development of rancidity. And oil content of peanuts significantly affects flavor and shelf-life. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes varying in oil composition (i.e. high oleic (H) or normal/not high oleic (NH) inclusive of all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested ...
发表评论
阅读全文

Effect of Proline Pretreatment on Grapevine Shoot-Tip Response to a Droplet-Vitrification Protocol

Proline is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Some studies have shown that proline has been accumulated in plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Exogenous proline has thus been used for improving some plant cryopreservation protocols. Further enhancement of cryopreservation efficiency for  in vitro  grapevines could be expected if stresses linked to cryopreservation procedures could be reduced. In this study, the authors studied the possible beneficial effect of proline in grapevine cryopreservation. Single-node explants from  in vitro  grown grapevine plantlets ( Vitis vinifera  L. cv Portan) were cultured on shooting media (half-strength MS + 1 μM BAP) containing no proline (control) or 50, 500, or 2000 μM filter-sterilized L-proline. Shoot tips excised from these microshoots were subjected to a PVS2-based droplet-vitrification procedure. Control and rewarmed explants were grown on a recovery medium containing ...
发表评论
阅读全文