Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=49#.VNhy2yzQrzE Author(s) Ruihua ZHANG , Zhiping JIA , Dongfeng YUAN Affiliation(s) School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P.R.China . School of Computer Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P.R.China . School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R.China . ABSTRACT Due to the limited transmission range, data sensed by each sensor has to be forwarded in a multi-hop fashion before being delivered to the sink. The sensors closer to the sink have to forward comparatively more messages than sensors at the periphery of the network，and will deplete their batteries earlier. Besides the loss of the sensing capabilities of the nodes close to the sink, a more serious consequence of the death of the first tier of sensor nodes is the loss of connectivity between the...
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