Scientific Research Publishing

Read  full  paper  at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53700#.VNBnryzQrzE Author(s)    Ramandeep S. Sidhu 1* , Mark Dougherty 1 , Wesley C. Zech 2 , Beth Guertal 3   Affiliation(s) 1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, USA . 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, USA . 3 Department of Crop, Soils and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, USA . ABSTRACT The main goal of this study was to quantify reduction of runoff responses using selected erosion control covers on 1.2 m × 0.6 m plots under simulated rainfall to determine the most cost-effective temporary cover treatment under similar soils, rainfall and embankment slope conditions. The different erosion control covers tested were polyacrylamide (PAM), wheat straw and PAM (WS + P) with and without seed; and engineered fiber matrix (EFM) with and without seed. The EFM + S and WS + P + S tr...

Read  full  paper  at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53364#.VMBg0izQrzE Author(s)    Wei-Yu Ho , Yen-Sho Chang , Bo-Yi Chou , Chien-Liang Lin * Affiliation(s) Department of Materials and Energy Engineering, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan . ABSTRACT CrAlSiN with thickness up to 16 μm was deposited on tungsten carbide via multi-deposition process by cathode arc deposition technique. Scratch and water-sand jet impingement erosion tests were carried out to evaluate the adhesion by determining the worn surface of the coatings. Results showed that the failure mode of the adhesion can be concluded that the weak bond of each CrAlSiN layer as compared to the strong bond between the coating and substrate. The average surface roughness of the coatings before the erosion test was about the same level. After the erosion test of 30 minutes, the eroded CrAlSiN coatings exhibited improved average surface roughness as compar...

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52287#.VI-PW8nQrzE Author(s) Rabii El Gaatib , Abdelkader Larabi Affiliation(s) Laboratory of Identification and Modelling of Natural Environment (LIMEN), Mohammadia School of Engineers (EMI), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco . ABSTRACT The initial state of the Oued Beht watershed (430,728 ha) is characterized by a socio-ecological vulnerability associated to the water erosion risk. Especially, the consequences are chained and the soil loss alters its hydrological behavior and its ability to protect functional and structural challenges (good land, El Kansra dam, agricultural activities). In this perspective, this study suggest...

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=50909#.VFB8oVfHRK0 Author(s) Varoujan K. Sissakian 1 , Mawahib F. Abdul Jab’bar 2 , Nadhir Al-Ansari 3 , Sven Knutsson 3 Affiliation(s) 1 Consultant Geologist, Erbil, Iraq . 2 Iraq Geological Survey, Erbil, Iraq . 3 Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden . ABSTRACT Tigris and Euphrates are the main rivers in Iraq. The former has 5 main tributaries while the latter has no tributaries within Iraq. All these rivers exhibit meandering and/or shifting of their courses due to many reasons; such as mass movements and alluvial fan's development. The meandering and shifting of river courses due to mass movements is dealt with...