Scientific Research Publishing

Read  full  paper  at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=54072#.VOBeICzQrzE Author(s)   Seungmook Choi 1 , Michael D. Marcozzi 2   Affiliation(s) 1 Department of Finance, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA . 2 Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA . ABSTRACT We consider a rating-based model for the term structure of credit risk spreads wherein the credit-worthiness of the issuer is represented as a finite-state continuous time Markov process. This approach entails a progressive drift in credit quality towards default. A model of the economy is presented featuring stochastic transition probabilities; credit instruments are valued via an ultra parabolic Hamilton-Jacobi system of equations discretized utilizing the method-of-lines finite difference method. Computations for a callable bond are presented demonstrating the efficiency of the met...

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=50981#.VFHKxVfHRK0 Author(s) Kirti Tyagi 1 , Arun Sharma 2 Affiliation(s) 1 Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, Ghaziabad, India . 2 Department of Information Technology, Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (IGDTUW),Kashmere Gate, Delhi . ABSTRACT Software reliability is defined as the probability of the failure-free operation of a software system for a specified period of time in a specified environment. Traditional approaches for software reliability analysis are black box approaches. These approaches use the software as a whole. At present, main emphasis of software is on reuse, hence component based software applic...