For thousands of years, humanity has wondered whether there is life outside the Earth. Observations of more than 1000 extrasolar planets indicate that many of them possess physical conditions close to those of Venus, not of Earth. Therefore, the planet Venus, with its dense and hot (460°C), waterless, oxygen-free atmosphere of CO2, having a high pressure of 9.2 MPa at the surface has been investigated as a natural laboratory for this kinds, using archive VENERA mission TV-data obtained 32 years ago. A result is surprising: Most likely, the question on the existence of extraterrestrial life will be answered not as a result of its search for in other worlds removed by distances of dozens of parsecs but on the surface of Venus, i.e., of the nearest planet of the Solar system.
In Leonid Ksanfomality’ research reviews published in “Possible Signs of Life on the Planet Venus” (by Scientific Research Publishing, International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2013, 3, 57-79), 8 issues of <Transactions of the Russian Academy of Scienses> (vol. 57-58, 2012-2013) and many other scientific editions,strange entities were presented that were found in TV images returned from the surface of the planet Venus by the VENERA landers, 32 years ago. Leonid Ksanfomality from Department of Physics of Planets of the Moscow Space Research institute re-processed the VENERA TV images using modern processing techniques that makes images distinct and clear. The results of the Soviet Venera missions are the only existing observations of Venus’ surface. The VENERA TV-imaging method used 32 years ago is the same that is used nowadays for a search of hypothetical martian life. The VENERA TV experiments were of extreme technical complexity. Over the years, they have not been repeated by any Russian or other space agencies.
PANORAMIC VIEW OF THE VENUS’ SURFACE AT THE LANDING SITE OF THE VENERA-14 LANDER
There are entities that one can consider to be signs of hypothetical life on Venus, regardless of how crazy this assumption sounds. The pictures revealed a dozen previously undetected strange objects that can attest to the fact that Venus does possess both flora and fauna life. A plant with burgeon on its top (photo) was placed close to the VENERA-14 lander. The stem is 40 cm tall.
In the present paper, we examine the effect of increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth on the optimal timing of investment of a firm that has a monopolistic power over the labor market. It is revealed that when the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is more than a threshold level, increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth accelerates the optimal timing of firms’ investment and enhances the economic growth, even if the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is formulated by the geometric Brownian motion, which is in sharp contrast to the standard result that an increase in the uncertainty postpones the optimal timing. With an increase in the immigrants over the past ten years, workforces in the host countries have been growing significantly to the extent that the immigrants represent 70% of the increase in the workforce in Europe, and 47% in the United States as OECD indicates. In the present paper, we attempted to investigate the effect of increased uncertainty caused by the growi...
Education is one of the fundamental rights of individuals; therefore, the government of a country needs to develop and strengthen educational policy and quality as well as to ensure that everyone has equal access to basic education. The improvement of access and quality of education in the world is becoming as an essential factor in development, whereas the basic education (primary school), is acknowledged as a foundation of the higher educational development for every country. To fulfill this goal, governments introduce several policies and procedures; however, it requires some reforms and participation from the politician, policymakers, and other stakeholders to re-examine educational policy so that it can lead to multiplication and betterment of the reforms. Educational reforms actually focus on accountability. A positive educational development and reform is very challenging and needs more effort and strategy on how to use and utilize the resources effectively as such it can achie...
TV images returned from the surface of the planet Venus by the VENERA landers, 32 years ago. Leonid Ksanfomality from Department of Physics of Planets of the Moscow Space Research institute re-processed the VENERA TV images using modern processing techniques that makes images distinct and clear. The results of the Soviet Venera missions are the only existing observations of Venus’ surface. The VENERA TV-imaging method used 32 years ago is the same that is used nowadays for a search of hypothetical martian life. The VENERA TV experiments were of extreme technical complexity. Over the years, they have not been repeated by any Russian or other space agencies.
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