One of the
most common infectious diseases is periodontal disease, i.e. gingivitis and periodontitis. Epidemiological studies show
that gingivitis is globally common in children and adolescents. Therefore daily
oral care is crucial for reducing dental plaque and maintaining a healthy
gingivae. In a review, it is stated that antimicrobial phototherapy with short,
daily exposures to blue light is a new research path for prophylaxis in oral
hygiene that may have an impact on gingivitis and periodontitis.
In this study, the authors aimed to investigate if a toothbrush with
incorporated blue light used in daily oral care can reduce dental plaque and
gingival inflammation. An 8-week single-blinded randomized controlled clinical
study including 48 subjects compared effects of toothbrushes with/without 450
nm blue LED light emission, on clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival
index, bleeding on probing), and on inflammatory markers in saliva and gingival
crevicular fluid.
Significant reductions in dental plaque and gingival inflammation (p
< 0.001), and in some inflammatory markers (p ≤ 0.05), matrix
metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase inhibitor
(TIMP)-1, interleukin (IL)-1β and interleukin (IL)-8, were detected
within both groups from baseline to follow-up. For all subjects dental plaque
was reduced with 57%, and a reduction in gingival inflammation was demonstrated
by a decrease in gingival index (GI) with 46% and in bleeding on probing (BOP)
with a decrease of 15%. No significant differences were found between the
groups at a level of p = 0.05. However, the amount of plaque was reduced by 62%
in the blue light group and 51% in the control group, a difference established
at a level of p = 0.058.
In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that a toothbrush with an
incorporated blue light LED emitting with an emission maximum at 450 nm was not
able to give a sufficient significant adjunctive effect to toothbrushing with
regard to reduction in dental plaque and gingival inflammation as well as in
immunological inflammatory markers. In future studies, the phototherapeutic of
405 nm LED toothbrushes should be investigated.
Article by Nadja
Bjurshammar, et al, from Sweden.
Full access: http://mrw.so/4y0srN
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