Associations between Dietary Intake of Fruits and Vegetables in Relation to Urinary Estrogen DNA Adduct Ratio
Estrogen, or oestrogen, is the primary
female sex hormone. It is responsible for the development and regulation of the
female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Estrogen exposure
plays a role in breast cancer (BC) development. Estrogen DNA adduct (EDA) ratio are thought to play a role in BC initiation due to their role in
forming depurinating DNA adducts, which have been described in a number of
studies. And modifiable factors may impact the EDA ratio, with studies
demonstrating that resveratrol reduces EDA ratio in vitro.
In this study, the
authors sought to examine the hypothesis that dietary intake of fruits and
vegetables was inversely associated with EDA ratio. This analysis was conducted
in 53 pre-menopausal, healthy women aged 40 - 45 years old from a
cross-sectional study in which participants provided first-void urine samples
and 3-day food records. Urine samples were analyzed using ultra performance
liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The EDA ratio was calculated as
the estrogen-DNA adducts divided by estrogen metabolites and conjugates. A
trend test was used to assess associations between tertiles of dietary intake
using linear regression.
After adjustment
for age, total energy, percent adiposity, serum estradiol and estrone-sulfate, the
authors observed an elevated EDA ratio was associated
with low total carbohydrate consumption (P = 0.01), low vegetable intake (P =
0.01), low fruit and vegetable intake (P = 0.03), high fish and shellfish
consumption (P = 0.03), and high egg consumption (P = 0.03) after adjustment
for age, total energy intake, percent adiposity, serum E2 and E1S. EDA ratio was
inversely associated with 5 botanical groups (Chenopodiaceae: P =
0.02; Umbelliferae: P = 0.03; Compositae: P =
0.01; Ericaceae: P = 0.01; Musaceae: P =
0.03), but not fruit intake overall.
In conclusion, vegetable intake may influence the EDA ratio. While the data require
replication, this report suggests a link between dietary factors and an
estrogen biomarker with implications for BC risk.
Article by Kerryn
W. Reding, et al, from USA and UK.
Full access: http://mrw.so/5nLqA5
Image by Farhan Ali, from Flickr-cc.
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