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Relative Response of Four Tomato Species to Rotylenchulus reniformis Infestation

The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is among the most economically damaging plant pathogens in the United States. This nematode is mostly known for its damage to cotton, but tomato is also well-within its vast host range that includes 314 plant species across 77 plant families. Nematode-resistant genotypes offer an effective, environmentally safe alternative to agro-chemicals for reniform nematode management. Resistance genes can be introgressed into cultivars through plant improvement efforts.

Tomato is a diploid species which is more amenable to identification of resistance genes in contrast to cotton where cultivars are either tetraploid or hexaploid. This greenhouse study examined cultivated and wild Solanum species represented by 40 tomato accessions, to identify resistance and susceptibility responses to R. reniformis. And the experimental design was a randomized complete block design with six blocks.

Seeds of the 40 accessions were obtained from the C.M. Rick Tomato Genetics Resource Center (TGRC), University of California, Davis, CA. In the greenhouse, six seeds of each accession were germinated in sterile soil and inoculated with mixed vermiform R. reniformis. using Metromix 200 Planting Mix (Sungro Horticulture, Bellevue, WA). Accessions were evaluated by using single plants. Reniform nematode population was collected from an infected field soil and confirmed morphometrically and increased on Delta PineLand 555 B2RF cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in the greenhouse at Auburn University.

After seven weeks, eggs and vermiform stages were extracted from the root system and counted. A susceptible control S. lycopersicum “Rutgers” (LA1090) was included. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models procedures as implemented in SAS® PROC GLIMMIX (SAS Institute, Cary, NC), employing a lognormal distribution function for counts. 

Seven putatively resistant tomato genotypes were identified. These genotypes in increasing order of resistance were S. chilense (LA1029), S. lycopersicum (LA1792), S. chilense (LA1932), S. peruvianum var. humifusum (LA0385), S. pimpinellifolium (LA2934), S. peruvianum f. glandulosum (LA1283) and S. pimpinellifolium (LA1579).

In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive comparative evaluation of resistance in four Solanum spp. to R. reniformis. Furthermore, a protocol for undertaking rapid detection of reniform nematode in vivo in tomato field soils is being pursued.

Article by Robert Ebow McEwan, et al, from USA.

Full access: http://mrw.so/1GezO9
Image by JBMacPhotography, from Flickr-cc.

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