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Clinical Factors Influencing Quality of Life in Anorexia Nervosa Patients

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a psychological and possibly life-threatening eating disorder defined by an extremely low body weight relative to stature, extreme and needless weight loss, illogical fear of weight gain, and distorted perception of self-image and body. Among eating disorders, anorexia nervosa has been proving a difficult condition, with many patients remaining ill for many years. The purpose of this study was to elucidate clinical factors influencing quality of life (QOL) in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients. 

Twenty female patients with AN (median age = 30.0 years old, quartile deviation = 6.8) and forty female healthy controls (HC) (median age = 30.0 years old, quartile deviation = 8.6) participated in the study. QOL was assessed with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and social support was evaluated using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Clinical symptoms were evaluated with the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (SIGH-D) and the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2). 

Scores of the SF-36 Mental Component Summary (MCS) (U = 124.0, P < 0.0001) and Role/Social Component Summary (RCS) (U = 223.0, P = 0.006) and scores of total (U = 108.0, P < 0.0001) and subscales of the MSPSS were lower in AN group than HC group, and the SIGH-D score was higher (U = 46.0, P < 0.0001) in AN group than HC group. Scores of the SIGH-D (ρ = −0.565, P < 0.05) and subscales of the EDI-2 Interoceptive Confusion (ρ = −0.556, P < 0.05), Interpersonal Difficulty (ρ = −0.581, P < 0.05) and Negative Self-image (ρ = −0.617, P < 0.05) were negatively correlated to MCS, and score of Interoceptive Confusion subscale showed a negative correlation to RCS (ρ = −0.672, P < 0.05). Moreover, stepwise regression analysis showed that the SIGH-D score was an independent predictor of MCS and Interoceptive Confusion score predicted RCS. 

In conclusion, the results suggest that not only depressive symptoms but also poor emotional awareness and impaired sense of control are much more important as influencing factors on AN patients’ QOL than other clinical factors.

Article by Chikako Kane, et al, from Japan.

Full access: http://mrw.so/dYCBa
Image by Joakim, from Flickr-cc.

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