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Potential and Limits of a High-Density Hemispherical Array of Loudspeakers for Spatial Hearing and Auralization Research

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http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53701#.VNBntizQrzE

Author(s)  
William L. Martens, Densil Cabrera, Luis Miranda, Daniel Jimenez

Affiliation(s)
The Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

ABSTRACT
A hemispherical array of 196 independent loudspeakers has been constructed for laboratory research on spatial hearing, auralization, sound-field quality and spatial audio signal processing. The array of small loudspeakers is supported by a geodesic frame with a radius is 2.4 m. With this relatively high spatial density of sound sources, spatially quantized rendering of sound fields should be viable for a variety of applications, and this paper considers the potential and limits of this approach in relation to human spatial hearing capacities. The paper also considers the combined use of multiple loudspeakers for the rendering low-frequency components of sound sources in order to extend the low-frequency response of the system.

KEYWORDS
Loudspeaker Array, Sound Field Control, Auralization, Spatial Hearing

Cite this paper
Martens, W. , Cabrera, D. , Miranda, L. and Jimenez, D. (2015) Potential and Limits of a High-Density Hemispherical Array of Loudspeakers for Spatial Hearing and Auralization Research. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 3, 240-246. doi: 10.4236/jamp.2015.32035.

References
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[2]Kleiner, M. (1981) Speech Intelligibility in Real and Simulated Sound Fields. Acustica, 47, 55-71.
 
[3]Hidaka, T. (1993) Sound-Field Simulator for Room Acoustic Design and Assessment—Introduction of Wave-Theoretical Treatment to Synthesized Sound. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 41, 914-919.
 
[4]Okamoto, T., Cabrera, D., Noisternig, M., Katz, B.F.G., Iwaya, Y. and Suzuki, Y. (2010) Improving Sound Field Reproduction Based on Higher-Order Ambisonics in a Small Room with a 157-Loudspeaker Array. Pro-ceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Ambisonics and Spherical Acoustics, Paris, 6-7 May 2010.
 
[5]Noisternig, M., Carpenter, T. and Warusfel, O. (20120 ESPRO 2.0—Implementation of a Surrounding 350-Loud- speaker Array for Sound Field Reproduction. Proceedings of the 25th Audio Engineering Society UK Con-ference, York, 25-27 March 2012.
 
[6]Cabrera, D. and Morimoto, M. (2007) Influence of Fundamental Frequency and Source Elevation on the Vertical Localization of Complex Tones and Complex Tone Pairs. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 122, 478-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2736782
 
[7]Martens, W.L. (2014) Display of Three-Dimensional Virtual Acoustic Sound Fields for Human Listeners: Value of Discrete Multichannel Simulation. Proceedings of the 21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration, Beijing, 13-17 July 2014.
 
[8]Honno, K., Cohen, M. and Martens, W.L. (2001) Psychophysically-Derived Control of Source Range for the Pioneer Sound Field Controller. Proceedings of the 110th Convention of the Audio Engineering Society, Preprint 5313, Amsterdam.                                                                                                           eww150203lx
 
[9]Amano, K., Matsushita, F., Yanagawa, H., Cohen, M., Herder, J., Martens, W., Koba, Y. and Tohyama, M. (1998) A Virtual Reality Sound System Using Room-Related Transfer Functions Delivered through a Multispeaker Array: The PSFC at the University of Aizu Mul-timedia Center. Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan, 3.
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