跳至主要内容

Microsatellite-Based Genetic Structure and Differentiation of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) with Sarcoma

Read  full  paper  at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53141#.VLXZJMnQrzE

ABSTRACT
Ten microsatellite loci were used for analyzing six populations of goldfish (Carassius auratus) with sarcoma. It showed that there was the highest genetic diversity among the white oranda with red cap (RC) population, and the lowest among the white tigerhead (WT) population. However, the outcross existed among every population. There was huge genetic differentiation between WT and the other four populations. The average observed heterozygosity (HO) among populations ranged from 0.3571 to 0.7381. And significant genetic difference (FCT = 0.1891, P = 0.0186) appeared among goldfish varieties which can be classified into three groups (RT, WT; RL, BL, YC; RC). The software Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) and STRUCTURE showed that significant genetic differences were revealed between RC population of goldfish and other five populations.
 
Cite this paper
Chen, Z. , Hu, C. , Wang, L. , Chen, G. , Wang, J. , Huang, H. , He, A. , Wang, C. and Zhao, W. (2015) Microsatellite-Based Genetic Structure and Differentiation of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) with Sarcoma. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 5, 36-43. doi: 10.4236/ojas.2015.51005.
 
References
[1]Liu, J.C. and Chen, Z. (2008) The Culture of Chinese Goldfish. SDX Joint Publishing Company, Beijing, 1-3.
 
[2]Smartt, J. (2001) Goldfish Varieties and Genetics: Handbook for Breeders. Blackwell Science, Oxford, 80-93.
 
[3]Ning, L.L., Liang, J., Qiao, Y., Zhou, P.R. and Li, J.Z. (2006) The Sequence Feature of Mitochondrial DNA Control Region of Dragon-Eye Goldfishes and Oval Goldfishes. Life Science Research, 10, 119-124.
 
[4]Wang, C.Y. (2009) Goldfish Has Great Variation. Aquarium, 1, 26-32.
 
[5]Komiyama, T., Kobayashi, H., Tateno, Y., Inoko, H., Gojobori, T. and Ikeo, K. (2009) An Evolutionary Origin and Selection Process of Goldfish. Gene, 430, 5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2008.10.019
 
[6]Liang, Q.J. and Peng, Y.X. (1994) An Analysis of the Muscle Protein of the Wild Crucian (Carassius auratus) and Five Representative Varieties of Goldfishes (C. auratus var.) by Electrophoresis Methods. Zoological Research, 15, 68-75.
 
[7]Liang, Q.J. and Peng, Y.X. (1998) An Exploration on the Antigenicity of the Serum of Several Strains of Goldfishes from China. Journal of Fisheries of China, 22, 16-21.
 
[8]Kajishima, T. (1977) Genetic and Developmental Analysis of Some New Color Mutants in the Goldfish, Carassius auratus. Genetics, 86, 161-174.
 
[9]Wang, X.M., Song, W.Q. and Li, X.L. (1998) Detection of the Genomic DNA Polymorphisms in the Wild Crucian and Four Representative Varieties of Goldfish Using PAPD Technique. Hereditas (Beijing), 20, 7-11.
 
[10]Mu, X.D., Bai, J.J., Wang, X.J., Ye, X., Hu, Y.C. and Luo, J.R. (2007) Genetic Diversity of Three Cultured Populations of Goldfish Revealed by RAPD Method. Marine Fisheries, 29, 20-24.
 
[11]Zheng, W., Stacey, N.E., Coffin, J. and Strobeck, C. (1995) Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci in the Goldfish Carassius auratus. Molecular Ecology, 4, 791-792.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00282.x
 
[12]Matsui, Y. (1963) Goldfish. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Ltd., Osaka, 127-130.
 
[13]Kojima, Y. and Takai, A. (1995) The World of Fish. Shokabo Publishing Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 134-154.
 
[14]Suzuki, K. (1997) The Goldfish and Japanese. San-Ichi Publishing Co., Ltd., Tokyo. (In Japanese)
 
[15]Wang, H.Y. (2000) Atlas of Chinese Goldfish. China Culture Art Publishing House, Beijing, 2-6.
 
[16]Sambrook, J. and Russell, D.W. (2002) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 3rd Edition, Science Press, Beijing, 461-471.
 
[17]Cheng, Q.X., Wang, C.H., Xu, J.W., Wang, J. and Yang, Q.L. (2009) Novel Microsatellite Markers for Endangered Hepu Mitten Crab, Eriocheir hepuensis. Conservation Genetics Resources, 1, 357-360.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-009-9082-z
 
[18]Goudet, J. (1995) FSTAT (Version 1.2): A Computer Program to Calculate F-Statistics. Journal of Heredity, 86, 485- 486.
 
[19]Luikart, G. and Cornuet, J.M. (1998) Empirical Evaluation of a Test for Identifying Recently Bottlenecked Populations from Allele Frequency Data. Conservation Biology, 12, 228-237.
 
[20]Yeh, F., Boyle, T., Rongcai, Y., Ye, Z. and Xian, J. (1999) POPGENE Version 1.32.
http://www.ualberta.ca/~fyeh/popgene_download.html
 
[21]Excoffier, L. and Lischer, H.E.L. (2010) Arlequin Suite ver 3.5: A New Series of Programs to Perform Population Genetics Analyses under Linux and Windows. Molecular Ecology Resources, 10, 564-567.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x
 
[22]Peakall, R. and Smouse, P.E. (2006) GENALEX 6: Genetic Analysis in Excel. Population Genetic Software for Teaching and Research. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6, 288-295.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x
 
[23]Pritchard, J.K., Stephens, M. and Donnelly, P. (2000) Inference of Population Structure Using Multilocus Genotype Data. Genetics, 155, 945-959.
 
[24]Falush, D., Stephens, M. and Pritchard, J.K. (2003) Inference of Population Structure Using Multilocus Genotype Data: Linked Loci and Correlated Allele Frequencies. Genetics, 164, 1567-1587.
 
[25]Rosenberg, N. (2004) DISTRUCT: A Program for the Graphical Display of Population Structure. Molecular Ecology Notes, 4, 137-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00566.x
 
[26]Rienzo, A.D., Peterson, A.C., Garza, J.C., Valdes, A.M., Slatkin, M. and Freimer, N.B. (1994) Mutational Processes of Simple-Sequence Repeat Loci in Human Populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91, 3166-3170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.8.3166
 
[27]Cornuet, J.M. and Luikart, G. (1996) Description and Power Analysis of Two Tests for Detecting Recent Population Bottlenecks from Allele Frequency Data. Genetics, 144, 2001-2014.
 
[28]Luikart, G., Sherwin, W.B., Steele, B.M. and Allendorf, F.W. (1998) Usefulness of Molecular Markers for Detecting Population Bottlenecks via Monitoring Genetic Change. Molecular Ecology, 7, 963-974.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00414.x
 
[29]Nevo, E. (1998) Genetic Diversity in Wild Cereals: Regional and Local Studies and Their Bearing on Conservation ex Situ and in Situ. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 45, 355-370.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008689304103
 
[30]Loveless, M.D. and Hamrick, J.L. (1984) Ecological Determinants of Genetic Structure in Plant Populations. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 15, 65-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.15.110184.000433
 
[31]Ott, T. (2001) Analysis of Human Genetic Linkage. Revised Edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
 
[32]Zhao, M.Z., Li, Q., Qin, Q., Cai, Y.X., Xu, Z.Q., Wang, M.H., Chen, M.H., Chen, X.H., Ge, J.C. and Bian, W.J. (2011) Genetic Diversity Based on Microsatellite Markers in Five Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Populations. Journal of Aquaculture, 32, 24-30.
 
[33]Beardmore, J.A., Mair, G.C. and Lewis, R.I. (1997) Biodiversity in Aquatic Systems in Relation to Aquaculture. Aquaculture Research, 28, 829-839.
 
[34]Ma, B., Jiang, Z.F. and Huo, T.B. (2009) Analysis of Genetic Variation and Geographic Divergence of Thymallus tugarinae by Microsatellite. Journal of Fishery Science of China, 16, 678-688.
 
[35]Zhang, Q., Ji, Y.J., Zeng, Z.G., Song, Y.L. and Zhang, D.X. (2007) Influence of the Founder Effect on Genetic Diversity of Translocated Populations: An Example from Hainan Eld’s Deer. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 42, 54-60.
 
[36]Wright, S. (1978) Evolution and the Genetics of Populations, Volume. 4: Variability within and among Natural Population. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
 
[37]Peggy, K., Daniel, J.P. and Heather, A.F. (1992) Spatial Genetic Structure in Two Tamarack [Larix laricina (Du ROI) K. Koch] Populations with Differing Establishment Histories. Evolution, 46, 572-576.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2409875
 
[38]Young, A.G. and Merriam, H.G. (1994) Effects of Forest Fragmentation on the Spatial Genetic Structure of Acer saccharum Marsh. (Sugar Maple) Populations. Heredity, 72, 201-208.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1994.27
 
[39]Aldrich, P.R., Hamrick, J.L., Chavarriaga, P. and Kochert, G. (1998) Microsatellite Analysis of Demographic Genetic Structure in Fragmented Populations of the Tropical Tree Symphonia globulifera. Molecular Ecology, 7, 933-944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00396.x
 
[40]Wang, C.Y (2007) Variation and Heredity of Goldfish. China Agricultural Press, Beijing.
 
[41]Innocentiis, S.D., Sola, L., Cataudella, S. and Bentzen, P. (2001) Allozyme and Microsatellite Loci Provide Discordant Estimates of Population Differentiation in the Endangered Dusky Grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) within the Mediterranean Sea. Molecular Ecology, 10, 2163-2175.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2001.01371.x                                                    eww150114lx
 
[42]Tian, S.X. (2009) Preliminary Exploration of the Egg-Fish Goldfish with Red Head. Aquarium, 1, 44-49.

评论

此博客中的热门博文

Electron Spin and Proton Spin in the Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Like Atomic Systems

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52202#.VIj7tMnQrzE Author(s) Stanisław Olszewski * Affiliation(s) Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland . ABSTRACT The mechanical angular momentum and magnetic moment of the electron and proton spin have been calculated semiclassically with the aid of the uncertainty principle for energy and time. The spin effects of both kinds of the elementary particles can be expressed in terms of similar formulae. The quantization of the spin motion has been done on the basis of the old quantum theory. It gives a quantum number n = 1/2 as the index of the spin state acceptable for both the electron and proton ...

A Study on the Seismic Isolation Systems of Bridges with Lead Rubber Bearings

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52566#.VJt06cCAM4 Author(s)   Woo-Suk Kim , Dong-Joon Ahn , Jong-Kook Lee Affiliation(s) School of Architecture, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Republic of Korea . ABSTRACT This study consists of the development and presentation of example of seismic isolation system analysis and design for a continuous, 3-span, cast-in-place concrete box girder bridge. It is expected that example is developed for all Lead-Rubber Bearing (LRB) seismic isolation system on piers and abutments which placed in between super-structure and sub-structure. Design forces, displacements, and drifts are given distinctive consideration in...

Effects of Karate Training on Basic Motor Abilities of Primary School Children

“You never attack first in karate” might be the best conclusion of karate, which is a martial art practiced typically without weapons. It’s reported that karate has a long history for several hundred years, but the modern karate was spread to the whole Japan from Okinawa in the early part of 20th century. Now it has become one of the most widely practiced martial art forms in the world. Usually, it’s divided into Kihon, Kata and Kumite. As for the beginners, Kihon is more suitable for them because it involves basic techniques. Due to karate consists of dynamic offensive and defensive techniques using all parts of the body to their maximum advantage, the best understanding of true karate practice is the perfection of oneself through the perfection of the art. It not only develops coordination, quickens reflexes, and builds stamina, but also develops composure, a clearer thought process, deeper insight into one’s mental capabilities, and more self-confidence. So many researchers stu...