跳至主要内容

Autonomous Data Exchange: The Malady and a Possible Path to Its Cure

Read  full  paper  at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53603#.VMnrIyzQrzE

Author(s)  

ABSTRACT
Data exchange is a goal-oriented social communications system implemented through computerized technology. Data definition languages (DDLs) provide the syntax for communicating within and between organizations, illocutionary acts, such as informing, ordering and warning. Data exchange results in meaning-preserving mapping between an ensemble (a constrained variety) and its external (unconstrained) variety. Research on unsupervised structured and semi-structured data exchange has not produced any significant successes over the past fifty years. As a step towards finding a solution, this article proposes a new look at data exchange by using the principles of complex adaptive systems (CAS) to analyze current shortcomings and to propose a direction that may indeed lead to workable and mathematically grounded solution. Three CAS attributes key to this research are variety, tension and entropy. We use them to show that older and contemporary DDLs are identical in their core, thus explaining why even XML and Ontologies have failed to a create fully automated data exchange mechanism. Then we show that it is possible to construct a radically different DDL that overcomes existing data exchange limitations—its variety, tension and entropy are different from existing solutions. The article has these major parts: definition of key CAS attributes; quantitative examination of representative old and new DDLs using these attributes; presentation of the results and their pessimistic ramification; a section that proposes a new theoretical way to construct DDLs that is based entirely on CAS principles, thus enabling unsupervised data exchange. The theory is then tested, showing very promising results.
 
Cite this paper
Rohn, E. (2015) Autonomous Data Exchange: The Malady and a Possible Path to Its Cure. Intelligent Information Management, 7, 22-32. doi: 10.4236/iim.2015.71003.
 
References
[1]Searle, J.R. (1969) Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173438
 
[2]Batini, C., Lenzerini, M. and Navathe, S. (1986) A Comparative Analysis of Methodologies for Database Schema Integration. ACM Computing Surveys, 18, 323-364.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/27633.27634
 
[3]Hunter, A. and Liu, W. (2006) Merging Uncertain Information with Semantic Heterogeneity in XML. Knowledge and Information Systems, 9, 230-258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10115-005-0220-y
 
[4]Flahive, A., Taniar, D., Rahayu, W. and Apduhan, B.O. (2012) A Methodology for Ontology Update in the Semantic grid Environment. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience.
 
[5]Mao, M., Peng, Y. and Spring, M. (2011) Ontology Mapping: As a Binary Classification Problem. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 23, 1010-1025.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.1633
 
[6]Sowa, J.F. (2001) Meaning-Preserving Translations.
http://users.bestweb.net/~sowa/logic/meaning.htm
 
[7]Sowa, J.F. (2006) Worlds, Models and Descriptions. Studia Logica, 84, 323-360.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11225-006-9012-y
 
[8]Ashby, R.W. (1940) Adaptiveness and Equilibrium. Journal of Mental Science, 86, 478-484.
 
[9]Ashby, R.W. (1956) An Introduction to Cybernetics. Chapman & Hall, London.
 
[10]Ashby, R.W. (1947) The Nervous System as Physical Machine: With Special Reference to the Origin of Adaptive Behavior. Mind, 56, 44-59.
 
[11]Casti, J.L. Canonical Models and the Law of Requisite Variety. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 46.
 
[12]Buckley, W. (1967) Sociology and Modern Systems Theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Clifs.
 
[13]Raymond, R.C. (1950) Communication, Entropy, and Life. American Scientist, 38, 273-278.
 
[14]Shannon, C.E. (1948) A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379-423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x
 
[15]Dustdar, S., Pichler, R., Savenkov, V. and Truong, H.-L. (2012) Quality-Aware Service-Oriented Data Integration: Requirements, State of the Art and Open Challenges. SIGMOD Record, 41, 11-19.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2206869.2206873
 
[16]Halevy, A., Rajaraman, A. and Ordille, J. (2006) Data Integration: The Teenage Years. In: Dayal, U., Whang, K.-Y., Lomet, D., Alonso, G., Lohman, G., Kersten, M., Cha, S.K. and Kim, Y.-K., Eds., Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB’06), VLDB Endowment, 9-16.
 
[17]Vincent, M.W., Liu, J. and Mohania, M. (2012) The Implication Problem for “Closest Node” Functional Dependencies in Complete XML Documents. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 78, 1045-1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2012.01.003
 
[18]Zipf, G.K. (1949) Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort: An Introduction to Human Ecology. Addison-Wesley, Reading.
 
[19]Miller, G.A. (1995) WordNet: A Lexical Database for English. Communications of the ACM, 38, 39-41.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/219717.219748
 
[20]WordNet (2005) WordNet Website. Princeton University, Princeton.
 
[21]Thue, A. (1914) Probleme über Veränderungen von Zeichenreihen nach gegebener Regeln. Skriftei utgit av Videnskopsselskapet i Kristiania, I, atematisknaturvidenskabelig klasse, No. 10.               eww150129lx
 
[22]Weisstein, E.W. (2010) Substitution System. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SubstitutionSystem.html

评论

此博客中的热门博文

Electron Spin and Proton Spin in the Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Like Atomic Systems

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52202#.VIj7tMnQrzE Author(s) Stanisław Olszewski * Affiliation(s) Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland . ABSTRACT The mechanical angular momentum and magnetic moment of the electron and proton spin have been calculated semiclassically with the aid of the uncertainty principle for energy and time. The spin effects of both kinds of the elementary particles can be expressed in terms of similar formulae. The quantization of the spin motion has been done on the basis of the old quantum theory. It gives a quantum number n = 1/2 as the index of the spin state acceptable for both the electron and proton ...

A Study on the Seismic Isolation Systems of Bridges with Lead Rubber Bearings

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52566#.VJt06cCAM4 Author(s)   Woo-Suk Kim , Dong-Joon Ahn , Jong-Kook Lee Affiliation(s) School of Architecture, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Republic of Korea . ABSTRACT This study consists of the development and presentation of example of seismic isolation system analysis and design for a continuous, 3-span, cast-in-place concrete box girder bridge. It is expected that example is developed for all Lead-Rubber Bearing (LRB) seismic isolation system on piers and abutments which placed in between super-structure and sub-structure. Design forces, displacements, and drifts are given distinctive consideration in...

Effects of Karate Training on Basic Motor Abilities of Primary School Children

“You never attack first in karate” might be the best conclusion of karate, which is a martial art practiced typically without weapons. It’s reported that karate has a long history for several hundred years, but the modern karate was spread to the whole Japan from Okinawa in the early part of 20th century. Now it has become one of the most widely practiced martial art forms in the world. Usually, it’s divided into Kihon, Kata and Kumite. As for the beginners, Kihon is more suitable for them because it involves basic techniques. Due to karate consists of dynamic offensive and defensive techniques using all parts of the body to their maximum advantage, the best understanding of true karate practice is the perfection of oneself through the perfection of the art. It not only develops coordination, quickens reflexes, and builds stamina, but also develops composure, a clearer thought process, deeper insight into one’s mental capabilities, and more self-confidence. So many researchers stu...