跳至主要内容

Case Report: Propriospinal Myoclonus

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=47163#.VGBQOWfHRK0

This report presents a case of propriospinal myoclonus (PSM) in a previously fit and well female patient who presented with truncal jerking movements when relaxed. Propriospinal myoclonus is a rare condition, of which 80% of the aetiology is idiopathic. It is characterised by involuntary jerking movements of the trunk due to spreading activity via intrinsic propriospinal pathways along the spinal cord. Polymyography is mandatory in the diagnosis of priopriospinal myoclonus however in discerning the differential diagnoses it is inferior to magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging. The management of propriospinal myoclonus is dependent on aetiology. Clonazepam has been shown to be effective in the treatment of idiopathic PSM for symptomatic relief.
Cite this paper
Smith, C. and Ramtahal, J. (2014) Case Report: Propriospinal Myoclonus. Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 3, 364-366. doi: 10.4236/crcm.2014.36081
 

[1] Lozsadi, D. (2012) Myoclonus: A Pragmatic Approach. Practical Neurology, 12, 215-224.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2011-000107
[2] Zamidei, L., Bandini, M., Michelagnoli, G., Campostrini, R. and Consales, G. (2010) Propriospinal Myoclonus Following Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Hip Surgery: A Case Report. Minerva Anestesiologica, 76, 290-293.
[3] Bhidayasiri, R. and Tarsy, D. (2012) Propriospinal Myoclonus. Current Clinical Neurology, 26, 192-193.
[4] Roze, E., Bounolleau, P., Ducreux, D., et al. (2009) Propriospinal Myoclonus Revisited. Neurology, 72, 1301-1309.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a0fd50
[5] Brown, P., Thompson, P.D., Rothwell, J.C., Day, B.L. and Marsden, C.D. (1991) Axial Myoclonus of Propriospinal Origin. Brain, 114, 197-214.
[6] Van der Salm, S.M.A., Koelman, J.H.T.M., Henneke, S., van Rootselaar, A. and Tijssen, M.A.J. (2010) Axial Jerks: A Clinical Spectrum Ranging from Propriospinal to Psychogenic Myoclonus. Journal of Neurology, 257, 1349-1355.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-010-5531-6
[7] Erro, R., Bhatia, K.P., Edwards, M.J., Farmer, S.F. and Cordivari, C. (2013) Clinical Diagnosis of Propriospinal Myoclonus Is Unreliable: An Electrophysiologic Study. Movement Disorders, 28, 1868-1873.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.25627
[8] Suk, Y., Kang, M.D., Young, H. and Sohn, M.D. (2006) Electromyography Patterns of Propriospinal Myoclonus Can Be Mimicked Voluntarily. Movement Disorders, 21, 1241-1244.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.20927
[9] Gupta, A. and Lang, A.E. (2009) Psychogenic Movement Disorders. Current Opinion in Neurology, 22, 430-436.
[10] Roze, E., Apartis, E., Vidailhet, M., et al. (2007) Propriospinal Myoclonus: Utility of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Fiber Tracking. Movement Disorders, 22, 1506-1509.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.21562
[11] Wooyoung, J., Joong-Seok, K., Jin Young, A. and Hee-Tae, K. (2012) Reversible Propriospinal Myoclonus Due to Thoracic Disc Herniation: Long-Term Follow-Up. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 313, 32-34.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2011.09.036
[12] Maltete, D., Verdure, P., Roze, E., et al. (2008) TENS for the Treatment of Propriospinal Myoclonus. Movement Disorders, 23, 2256-2257.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.22315                       eww141110lx

评论

此博客中的热门博文

Does Immigration Promote the Investment of the Monopolistic Firm?

In the present paper, we examine the effect of increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth on the optimal timing of investment of a firm that has a monopolistic power over the labor market. It is revealed that when the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is more than a threshold level, increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth accelerates the optimal timing of firms’ investment and enhances the economic growth, even if the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is formulated by the geometric Brownian motion, which is in sharp contrast to the standard result that an increase in the uncertainty postpones the optimal timing. With an increase in the immigrants over the past ten years, workforces in the host countries have been growing significantly to the extent that the immigrants represent 70% of the increase in the workforce in Europe, and 47% in the United States as OECD indicates. In the present paper, we attempted to investigate the effect of increased uncertainty caused by the growi...

Education Policy Implementation: A Mechanism for Enhancing Primary Education Development in Zanzibar

Education is one of the fundamental rights of individuals; therefore, the government of a country needs to develop and strengthen educational policy and quality as well as to ensure that everyone has equal access to basic education. The improvement of access and quality of education in the world is becoming as an essential factor in development, whereas the basic education (primary school), is acknowledged as a foundation of the higher educational development for every country. To fulfill this goal, governments introduce several policies and procedures; however, it requires some reforms and participation from the politician, policymakers, and other stakeholders to re-examine educational policy so that it can lead to multiplication and betterment of the reforms. Educational reforms actually focus on accountability. A positive educational development and reform is very challenging and needs more effort and strategy on how to use and utilize the resources effectively as such it can achie...