跳至主要内容

Advances in D. melanoxylon Investigations towards Tissue Culture: Problems and Limitations

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=51850#.VHfPlGfHRK0

The first attempt on D. melanoxylon tissue culture was conducted from 2010 to 2013 at a high level of expectations. A total of 500 seeds were sterilized at different concentration of reagents and inoculated at different strength of the Murashige and Skoog medium for germination to obtain disease free explants for callus induction trials. A total of 400 nodal segments obtained from germinated seeds were sterilized at different concentration of reagents and inoculated at different hormonal combinations to induce callus formation for seedling multiplication. Results from this tissue culture attempt set a foundation for tissue culture success in D. melanoxylon on the future research. Only 19.8% of seeds inoculated in half strength of Murashige and Skoog medium germinated within 7 days while only 6.8% of seeds inoculated in full strength of Murashige and Skoog medium germinated within 6 days. This germination was at sterilization of 20 minutes in 35% ethanol and 20 minutes in 2.6% sodium hypochlorite. A total of 1% of inoculated D. melanoxylon seedling fragments in Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with hormone combination at 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA developed callus after16 days from the inoculation day. The final weight of the callus at the last record was 0.62 g. In this induction ex-plants were surface sterilized in 35% ethanol for 20 minutes and 2.6% sodium hypochlorite solution for 20 minutes. The color of callus was green and friable in nature. Other hormonal combinations in this case did not induce callus production. These results suggested that the problems which affect seed germination in the natural environment are also reflected on germination in the Murashige and Skoog medium and in callus induction. Vulnerability to fungal attack is a limitation for successful callus induction and germination in the culture room. More research under improved sterile conditions is needed to improve callus percentage for seedling multiplication.
Cite this paper
Washa, W. and Nyomora, A. (2014) Advances in D. melanoxylon Investigations towards Tissue Culture: Problems and Limitations. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5, 3501-3509. doi: 10.4236/ajps.2014.524366. 
 

[1] Amri, E (2008) Effect of Timing of Seed Collections an Provenances on Seed Viability and Germination Capacity of Dalbergia melanoxylon. Botany Research Journal, 1, 82-88
[2] Amri, E. (2010) Effect of Age of the Donor Plant, IBA Treatment and Cutting Position to the Rooting Ability of Stem Cuttings in Dalbergia melanoxylon. New Foresters, 38, 183-194.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11056-009-9163-6
[3] Arumugam, A. and Gopinath, K. (2011) In-Vitro Callus Development of Different Explants used for Different Medium of Terminalia arjuna. Asian Journal of Biotechnology, 3, 564-572.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajbkr.2011.564.572
[4] Bryce, J.M. (1967) The Commercial Timbers of Tanzania. Forest Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives, Moshi.
[5] Gamborg, O.L. (2002) Plant Tissue Culture. Biotechnology. Milestones. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology Plant, 38, 84-92.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/IVP2001281
[6] IUCN (2008) Red List of Threatened Plants. The IUCN Species Survival Commission, Royal Botanical Garden, Edinburgh.
[7] Kumar, C., Singh, A.K. and Nehar, S. (2010) In-Vitro Propagation and Callus Formation from Seedling of Terminalia arjuna Roxb. An International Quarterly Journal of Life Sciences, 2, 423-429.
[8] Mbuya, L.P. (1994) Useful Trees and Shrubs for Tanzania. Swedish International Development Authority, Regional Soil Conservation Unit, Morogoro.
[9] Msanga, H.P. (1999) Different Types of Trees for Plantations in Different Regions of Tanzania. MNRT Morogoro Tanzania.
[10] Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. (1962) A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio-Assays with Tobacco Tissue Culture. Physiologia Plantarum, 15, 473-497.
[11] Nshubemuki, L. (1993) Dalbergia melanoxylon: Valuable Wood from a Neglected Tree. NFT Highlights 1993-1995. Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association, Hawaii.
[12] Redhead, J.F. and Temu, A.B. (1981) Valued Timber But Neglected Tree: Mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon) Tanzania Association of Forester, Newsletters, 2, 8-9.
[13] Sharman, H. (1995) Investigation in the Sustainable Management of Tropical Timber Species Using Dalbergia melanoxylon as a Case Study. Unpublished MSc Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 68-69.
[14] Trigiano, R.N. and Gray, D.J. (2010) Plant Tissue Culture, Development and Biotechnology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 186.
[15] TTSA (1995) Handling of Seeds of Dalbergia melanoxylon (African Blackwood) Seed Issue Note No. 9.
[16] Washa, B.W. (2008) Dependence of Dalbergia melanoxylon Natural Population on Root Suckers Regeneration. Journal of African Affairs, Hankuk University of Foreign studies, 24, 177-198.
[17] Washa, B.W and Nyomora, A.M.S. (2012) The Effect of Moisture and Seed Treatment on the In-Situ and Ex-Situ Regeneration of Dabergia melanoxylon (African Blackwood) in Pugu Forest Reserve. HURIA Journal, 10, 56-70.
[18] Washa, B.W., Nyomora, A.M.S. and Lyaruu H.V. (2012) Improving Propagation Success of D. melanoxylon (African Blackwood) in Tanzania. II: Rooting Ability of Root and Stem Cuttings of Dalbergia melanoxylon (African Blackwood) in Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Science, 38, 43-53.
[19] Washa (2014) Seedling Production Techniques in D. melanoxylon. International Journal of Plant and Forestry Sciences, 1, 1-9
[20] Washa (2014) Effective Cutting Type in the Rooting of Dalbergia melanoxylon in Tanzania. International Journal of AgriScience, 4, 256-259.eww141128lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

Electron Spin and Proton Spin in the Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Like Atomic Systems

Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52202#.VIj7tMnQrzE Author(s) Stanisław Olszewski * Affiliation(s) Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland . ABSTRACT The mechanical angular momentum and magnetic moment of the electron and proton spin have been calculated semiclassically with the aid of the uncertainty principle for energy and time. The spin effects of both kinds of the elementary particles can be expressed in terms of similar formulae. The quantization of the spin motion has been done on the basis of the old quantum theory. It gives a quantum number n = 1/2 as the index of the spin state acceptable for both the electron and proton ...
发表评论
阅读全文

Incorporation of High-Altitude Balloon Experiment in High School Science Classrooms

High-altitude balloon is a balloon, filled usually with helium or hydrogen that ascends into an area called “near space” or stratosphere. The most common type of high-altitude balloons are weather balloons. Other purposes include use as a platform for experiments in the upper atmosphere. Modern balloons generally contain electronic equipment such as radio transmitters, cameras, or satellite navigation systems, such as GPS receivers. The mission of the High-Altitude Balloon Experiment (HABE) is to acquire supporting data, validate enabling technologies, and resolve critical acquisition, tracking, and pointing (ATP) and fire control issues in support of future space-based precision pointing experiments. The use of high-altitude balloons offers a relatively low-cost, low-vibration test platform, a recoverable and reusable payload, worldwide launch capability, and a 'near- space' emulation of the future space systems operational scenarios. More recently, several university...
1 条评论
阅读全文

Remarks on the Complexity of Signed k-Domination on Graphs

Read  full  paper  at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53574#.VMnXsCzQrzE Author(s)    Chuan-Min Lee 1 , Cheng-Chien Lo 1 , Rui-Xin Ye 2 , Xun Xu 2 , Xiao-Han Shi 2 , Jia-Ying Li 2 Affiliation(s) 1 Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Ming Chuan University, The First American University in Asia, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Chinese Taipei . 2 Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China . ABSTRACT This paper is motivated by the concept of the signed k-domination problem and dedicated to the complexity of the problem on graphs. For any fixed nonnegative integer k, we show that the signed k-domination problem is NP-complete for doubly chordal graphs. For strongly chordal graphs and distance-hereditary graphs, we show that the signed k-domination problem can be solved in polynomial time. We also show that the problem is linear-time solvable for trees, interval graphs, and chord...
发表评论
阅读全文