跳至主要内容

Lymphocytes CD8+ Expression Mean Increases the Immunity against Cancer

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=50613#.VEcnkVfHRK0

Now molecular epidemiology was meaningful. On the surface of the tumor, cells will express its antigen specific as a tumor cell (example: TSA, tumor specific antigen) and can induce cellular immune response. The result of interactions between group antigens with the immune system cells of the body will cause a rise in the expression of lymphocytes CD8+. The aim of this research is to find out differences in the number of lymphocytes CD8+ expression between benign and malignant tissues. This research is a laboratory experiment with the approach of cross sectional. Samples are taken from benign and malignant tissue biopsy of the breast and cervical uterine that were got from anatomical pathology laboratory, period January to February 2004. A technique using random sampling, is sample acquiring 30 benign cancer and 30 malignant of the breast or cervical uterine. To find out the significance of the difference in the number of lymphocytes CD8+ between benign and malignant of breast or cervical uterine, we used a statistical analysis Anova in SPSS for Windows 15.0 program. In this research the number of lymphocytes average in the benign cancer is 2.9667 cells (breast) and 4.2667 cells (cervical uterine), on the other side malignant tissue of 23.8000 cells (breast) and 25.0333 cells (cervical uterine). From the statistical analyses with Anova the number of lymphocytes CD8+ was very significant differences between benign and malignant of the breast or cervical uterine tissue (p < 0.001). The conclusion of this research is that there is a significant increase of the number of lymphocytes CD8+ expression in cancer tissue.
Cite this paper
Prayitno, A. , Sari, A. , Wahyuningsih, L. , Fitria, M. , Astirin, O. , Mudigdo, A. and Putra, S. (2014) Lymphocytes CD8+ Expression Mean Increases the Immunity against Cancer. Journal of Immune Based Therapies, Vaccines and Antimicrobials, 3, 37-41. doi: 10.4236/jibtva.2014.34006. 
 

[1] Spector, W.G. and dan Spector, T.D. (1993) Pengantar Patologi Anatomi. Edisi 3. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta, 348-349.
[2] Du Page, M., Mazumdar, C., Schmidt, L.M., Cheung, A.F. and Jacks, T. (2012) Expression of Tumour-Specific Antigens Underlies Cancer Immunoediting. Nature, 482, 405-409.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10803
[3] Bellanti dan Herberman (1993) Mekanisme Pertahanan Imun pada Imunitas Tumor. cit. Imunologi III. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta, 356.
[4] Nair, S.K., Heiser, A., Boczkowski, D., Majumdar, A., Naoe, M., Lebkowski, J.S., Vieweg, J. and Gilboa, E. (2000) Induction of Cytotoxic T Cell Responses and Tumor Immunity against Unrelated Tumors Using Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase RNA Transfected Dendritic Cells. Nature Medicine, 6, 1011-1017.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/79519
[5] Nakatsura, T., Senju, S., Ito, M., Nishimura, Y. and Itoh, K. (2002) Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses to a Human Pancreatic Cancer Antigen, Coactosin-Like Protein, Originally Defined by the SEREX Method. European Journal of Immunology, 32, 826-836.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4141(200203)32:3<826::AID-IMMU826>3.0.CO;2-Y
[6] Baratawidjaja, K.G. (1988) Imunologi Dasar. FK UI, Jakarta, 81-82.
[7] Abrams, G.D. (1995) Respon Tubuh Terhadap Tantangan Imunologis. Dalam: Wilson, L.M dan Price, S.A. Patofisiologi. Edisi 4. EGC, Jakarta, 62-68.
[8] Subowo (1993) Imunologi Klinik. Angkasa, Bandung, 74-83.
[9] Wu, F., Wang, Z.B., Lu, P., Xu, Z.L., Chen, W.Z., Zhu, H. and Jin, C.B. (2004) Activated Anti-Tumor Immunity in Cancer Patients after High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 30, 1217-1222.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.08.003
[10] Kuby, J. (1997) Immunology. 3rd Edition, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.
[11] Katzmarzyk, P.T., Church, T.S., Craig, C.L. and Bouchard, C. (2009) Sitting Time and Mortality from All Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41, 998-1005.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181930355
[12] Nafrialdi dan Sulistia Gan (1995) Kanker. cit. Sulistia G.G. Bagian Farmakologi FK UI, 686.
[13] King, E.D., Matteson, J., Jacobs, S.C. and Kyprianou, N. (1996) Incidence of Apoptosis, Cell Proliferation and bcl-2 Expression in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: Association with Tumor Progression. The Journal of Urology, 155, 316-320.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)66652-7
[14] Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (1997) Kehamilan dan Laktasi. cit. Fisiologi Kedokteran. Edisi 9, EGC, Jakarta, 1305-1322.
[15] Lodish, H., Berk, A. and Zipursky, S.L. (2000) Section 24.2 Proto-Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th Edition, W. H. Freeman, New York.
[16] Zajicek, G. (1978) Cancer as a Systemic Disease. Medical Hypotheses, 4, 193-207.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(78)90002-6
[17] Robbins dan Kumar (1992) Buku Ajar Patologi I. Edisi 4, EGC, Jakarta, 142.
[18] Shanta, V., Krishnamurthi, S., Gajalakshmi, C.K., Swaminathan, R. and Ravichandran, K. (2000) Epidemiology of Cancer of the Cervix: Global and National Perspective. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 98, 49-52.
[19] Mangunkusumo, R.R. (1998) Alat Kelamin Wanita dan Payudara. cit. Himawan. Patologi. Bagian Patologi Anatomi FK UI, 329.
[20] Djamaloedin. Kelainan Pada Mamma (Payudara) (1999) cit. Hanifa Wiknjosastro. Ilmu Kandungan. Edisi 2, Yayasan Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo, Jakarta, 486-493.
[21] Underwood, J.C.E. (2000) Mammae. dalam: Patologi Umum dan Sistemik. Edisi 2, EGC, Jakarta, 543-571.
[22] Piehl, E.J. (1995) Gangguan Sistem Reproduksi Wanita. cit. Wilson, L.M dan Price, S.A. Patofisiologi. Edisi 4, EGC, Jakarta, 1140-1142.
[23] Santoso Cornain (2002) Perangai Biologik Sel Kanker. Majalah Patologi, 11-12.
[24] Siti Boedina Kresno (2001) Imunologi: Diagnosis dan Prosedur Laboratorium. Edisi 4, Balai Penerbit FK UI, Jakarta, 4-221.
[25] Abbas, A., Litchtman, A.H. and Pober, J.S. (1997) Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 3rd Edition, WB. Saunders, Philadelphia, 385.  eww141022lx
[26] Fauci, A.S. and Haynes, B.F. (2001) Gangguan Sistem Imun, Jaringan Ikat dan Sendi. cit. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Balai Penerbit FK UI, Jakarta, 1729-1738.
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

Does Immigration Promote the Investment of the Monopolistic Firm?

In the present paper, we examine the effect of increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth on the optimal timing of investment of a firm that has a monopolistic power over the labor market. It is revealed that when the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is more than a threshold level, increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth accelerates the optimal timing of firms’ investment and enhances the economic growth, even if the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is formulated by the geometric Brownian motion, which is in sharp contrast to the standard result that an increase in the uncertainty postpones the optimal timing. With an increase in the immigrants over the past ten years, workforces in the host countries have been growing significantly to the extent that the immigrants represent 70% of the increase in the workforce in Europe, and 47% in the United States as OECD indicates. In the present paper, we attempted to investigate the effect of increased uncertainty caused by the growi...
发表评论
阅读全文

Education Policy Implementation: A Mechanism for Enhancing Primary Education Development in Zanzibar

Education is one of the fundamental rights of individuals; therefore, the government of a country needs to develop and strengthen educational policy and quality as well as to ensure that everyone has equal access to basic education. The improvement of access and quality of education in the world is becoming as an essential factor in development, whereas the basic education (primary school), is acknowledged as a foundation of the higher educational development for every country. To fulfill this goal, governments introduce several policies and procedures; however, it requires some reforms and participation from the politician, policymakers, and other stakeholders to re-examine educational policy so that it can lead to multiplication and betterment of the reforms. Educational reforms actually focus on accountability. A positive educational development and reform is very challenging and needs more effort and strategy on how to use and utilize the resources effectively as such it can achie...
发表评论
阅读全文