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Generalized Legendre-Stirling Numbers

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http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=50593#.VEX4z1fHRK0

The Legendre-Stirling numbers were discovered by Everitt, Littlejohn and Wellman in 2002 in a study of the spectral theory of powers of the classical second-order Legendre differential operator. In 2008, Andrews and Littlejohn gave a combinatorial interpretation of these numbers in terms of set partitions. In 2012, Mongelli noticed that both the Jacobi-Stirling and the Legendre-Stirling numbers are in fact specializations of certain elementary and complete symmetric functions and used this observation to give a combinatorial interpretation for the generalized Legendre-Stirling numbers. In this paper we provide a second combinatorial interpretation for the generalized Legendre-Stirling numbers which more directly generalizes the definition of Andrews and Littlejohn and give a combinatorial bijection between our interpretation and the Mongelli interpretation. We then utilize our interpretation to prove a number of new identities for the generalized Legendre-Stirling numbers.
Cite this paper
Garrett, K. and Killpatrick, K. (2014) Generalized Legendre-Stirling Numbers. Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics, 4, 109-114. doi: 10.4236/ojdm.2014.44014. 
 

[1] Mansour, T. (2012) Combinatorics of Set Partitions. Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications Series, Chapman and Hall/CRC an Imprint of Taylor and Francis LLC.
[2] Stanley, R. (2012) Enumerative Combinatorics. In Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Vol. 49.
[3] Everitt, W.N., Littlejohn, L.L. and Wellman, R. (2002) Legendre Polynomials, Legendre-Stirling Numbers, and the Left-Definite Spectral Analysis of the Legendre Differential Expression. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 148, 213-238.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0427(02)00582-4
[4] Andrews, G.E. and Littlejohn, L.L. (2009) A Combinatorial Interpretation of the Legendre-Stirling Numbers. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 137, 2581-2590.
[5] Mongelli, P. (2012) Combinatorial Interpretations of Particular Evaluations of Complete and Elementary Symmetric Functions. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 19, #P60.                            eww141021lx
[6] Benjamin, A. and Quinn, J. (2003) Proofs That Really Count: The Art of Combinatorial Proof. Mathematical Association of America, Providence, RI.
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