Sleep is an indispensable action and its importance has been related in many proverbs such as “the early bird catches the worm” However, there are few scientific reports on the effects of early rising.
CAN THE EARLY BIRD REALLY CATCH THE WORM
In Mayumi Watanabe’s research review from Department of Medical Informatics, Niigata University published in Natural Science Journal2013 vol.5 by Scientific Research Publishing(View Original Post, please click here). Her team compared the following four groups: early risers with short sleep (Group E-S); early risers with long sleep (Group E-L); late risers with short sleep (Group L-S); and late risers with long sleep (Group L-L) Then the number and ratio of leukocytes, body temperature, glucose and its associated hormones were studied. Compared with Groups E-S and L-S, Groups E-L and L-L showed lower glucose and cortisol levels, respectively. The results indicated that early rising might affect leukocyte subsets, and adequate duration of sleep could decrease levels of glucose via modification of the autonomic nervous system.Thus early rising with adequate sleep could be expected as anti-aging effects.
Thus, the early bird can actually catch the worm with the effects of anti-aging because early rising might affect leukocyte subsets and adequate duration of sleep and could decrease levels of glucose via modification of the ANS. To maintain adequate sleep duration, going to bed early was needed. In cases in which persons stayed up late, efforts and ingenuity to get additional longer sleep duration were necessary.
Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52202#.VIj7tMnQrzE Author(s) Stanisław Olszewski * Affiliation(s) Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland . ABSTRACT The mechanical angular momentum and magnetic moment of the electron and proton spin have been calculated semiclassically with the aid of the uncertainty principle for energy and time. The spin effects of both kinds of the elementary particles can be expressed in terms of similar formulae. The quantization of the spin motion has been done on the basis of the old quantum theory. It gives a quantum number n = 1/2 as the index of the spin state acceptable for both the electron and proton
Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53574#.VMnXsCzQrzE Author(s) Chuan-Min Lee 1 , Cheng-Chien Lo 1 , Rui-Xin Ye 2 , Xun Xu 2 , Xiao-Han Shi 2 , Jia-Ying Li 2 Affiliation(s) 1 Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Ming Chuan University, The First American University in Asia, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Chinese Taipei . 2 Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China . ABSTRACT This paper is motivated by the concept of the signed k-domination problem and dedicated to the complexity of the problem on graphs. For any fixed nonnegative integer k, we show that the signed k-domination problem is NP-complete for doubly chordal graphs. For strongly chordal graphs and distance-hereditary graphs, we show that the signed k-domination problem can be solved in polynomial time. We also show that the problem is linear-time solvable for trees, interval graphs, and chordal comparability graphs
Read full paper at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53985#.VN21HizQrzE Author(s) Nuri Andarwulan 1,2 , Didah Nur Faridah 1,2 , Yolanda Sylvia Prabekti 1 , Harum Fadhilatunnur 1 , Leo Mualim 3 , Sandra Arifin Aziz 3 , Luis Cisneros-Zevallos 4 Affiliation(s) 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia . 2 Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia . 3 Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia . 4 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA . ABSTRACT Waterleaf ( Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd has long been eaten in Indonesia as vegetable and the main parts consumed are leaves and young shoots. Waterleaf is sticky presumably due to its pectin content which is associated to dietary fiber. The dietary fiber which
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