跳至主要内容

Functionally Incremental Sentence Processing and Reanalysis Difficulty in Head-Final Agglutinative Language

Read  full  paper  at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53777#.VNMSlizQrzE

Author(s)  
 
ABSTRACT
This paper quantitatively expresses the degrees of processing difficulties caused by syntactically different reanalyses in Japanese sentences by questionnaire and self-paced reading experiments with non-syntactic factors strictly controlled. We propose the functionally incremental processing for Japanese sentences and we demonstrate that our hypothesis is effective to explain the degree of the processing difficulty in various sentence types. The peculiarity of Japanese processing and the relevance of our results to the human sentence processing model are discussed.
 
Cite this paper
Tokimoto, S. and Uetsuki, M. (2015) Functionally Incremental Sentence Processing and Reanalysis Difficulty in Head-Final Agglutinative Language. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 5, 21-41. doi: 10.4236/ojml.2015.51003.
 
References
[1]Abney, S. P. (1989). A Computational Model of Human Parsing. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 18, 129-144.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01069051
 
[2]Amano, N., & Kondo, T. (1999). NTT Database Series: Nihongo-No goitokusei (Lexical Properties of Japanese). Tokyo: Sanseidoo.
 
[3]Aoshima, S., Phillips, C., & Weinberg, A. (2004). Processing Filler-Gap Dependencies in a Head-Final Language. Journal of Memory and Language, 51, 23-54.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2004.03.001
 
[4]Bever, T. G. (1970). The Cognitive Basis for Linguistic Structures. In J. R. Hayes (Ed.), Cognition and the Development of Language (pp. 279-362). New York: John Wiley.
 
[5]Chomsky, N. (1981). Lectures on Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris.
 
[6]Chomsky, N. (1986). Barriers. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
 
[7]Chomsky, N. (1995). The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
 
[8]Cohen, J. D., MacWhinney, B., Flatt, M., & Provost, J. (1993). PsyScope: An Interactive Graphic System for Designing and Controlling Experiments in the Psychology Laboratory Using Macintosh Computers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 25, 257-271.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/BF03204507
 
[9]Fodor, J. D., & Ferreira, F. (Eds.) (1998). Re-analysis in Sentence Processing. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
 
[10]Fodor, J. D., & Inoue, A. (1998). Attach Anyway. In J. D. Fodor, & F. Ferreira (Eds.), Reanalysis in Sentence Processing (pp. 101-141). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
 
[11]Frazier, L., & Clifton Jr., C. (1996). Construal. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
 
[12]Frazier, L., & Clifton Jr., C. (1998). Sentence Reanalysis, and Visibility. In J. D. Fodor, & F. Ferreira (Eds.), Reanalysis in Sentence Processing (pp. 143-176). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
 
[13]Frazier, L., & Rayner, K. (1982). Making and Correcting Errors during Sentence Comprehension: Eye Movements in the Analysis of Structurally Ambiguous Sentences. Cognitive Psychology, 14, 178-210.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(82)90008-1
 
[14]Gibson, E. (1991). A Computational Theory of Human Linguistic Processing: Memory Limitations and Processing Breakdown. Doctoral Dissertation, Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University.
 
[15]Gorrell, P. (1995). Syntax and Parsing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511627682
 
[16]Gunji, T. (1987). Japanese Phrase Structure Grammar. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
 
[17]Gunji, T. (1994). Shizengengo (Natural Langauge). Tokyo: Nihon-Hyooronsha.
 
[18]Gunji, T. (1995). An Overview of JPSG: A Constraint-Based Grammar for Japanese. In R. Mazuka, & N. Nagai (Eds.), Japanese Sentence Processing (pp. 105-133). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
 
[19]Gunji, T., & Hashida, K. (Eds.) (1998). Topics in Constraint-Based Grammar of Japanese. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
 
[20]Hirose, Y. (2002). Resolution of Reanalysis Ambiguity in Japanese Relative Clauses: Early Use of Thematic Compatibility Information and Incremental Processing. In M. Nakayama (Ed.), Sentence Processing in East Asian Languages (pp. 31-52). Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.
 
[21]Hirose, Y. (2003). Recycling Prosodic Boundaries. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 32, 167-195.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022448308035
 
[22]Hirose, Y., & Inoue, A. (1998). Ambiguity of Reanalysis in Parsing Complex Sentences in Japanese. In D. Hillert (Ed.), Syntax and Semantics: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective (Vol. 31, pp. 71-93). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
 
[23]Kamide, Y., Altmann, G. T. M., & Haywood, S. L. (2003). The Time-Course of Prediction in Incremental Sentence Processing: Evidence from Anticipatory Eye Movements. Journal of Memory and Language, 49, 133-156.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00023-8
 
[24]Kamide, Y., & Mitchell, D. C. (1999). Incremental Pre-Head Attachment in Japanese Parsing. Language and Cognitive Processes, 14, 631-662.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016909699386211
 
[25]Lewis, R. L. (1998). Reanalysis and Limited Repair Parsing: Learning off the Garden Path. In J. D. Fodor, & F. Ferreira (Eds.), Reanalysis in Sentence Processing (pp. 247-285). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
 
[26]Mazuka, R., & Itoh, K. (1995). Can Japanese Speakers Be Led Down the Garden Path? In R. Mazuka, & N. Nagai (Eds.), Japanese Sentence Processing (pp. 295-329). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
 
[27]Mazuka, R., Itoh, K., & Kondo, T. (2002). Costs of Scrambling in Japanese Sentence Processing. In M. Nakayama (Ed.), Sentence Processing in East Asian Languages (pp. 131-166). Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.
 
[28]Miyamoto, E. T. (2002). Case Markers as Clause Boundary Inducers in Japanese. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 31, 307-347.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019540324040
 
[29]Miyamoto, E. T., Gibson, E., Pearlmutter, N. J., Aikawa, T., & Miyagawa, S. (1999). A U-Shaped Relative Clause Attachment Preference in Japanese. Language and Cognitive Processes, 14, 663-686.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016909699386220
 
[30]Pollard, C., & Sag, I. A. (1994). Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
 
[31]Pritchett, B. L. (1988). Garden Path Phenomena and the Grammatical Basis of Language Processing. Language, 64, 539-576.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414532
 
[32]Pritchett, B. L. (1992). Grammatical Competence and Parsing Performance. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
 
[33]Sturt, P., & Crocker, M. W. (1996). Monotonic Syntactic Processing: A Cross-Linguistic Study of Attachment and Reanalysis. Language and Cognitive Processes, 11, 449-494.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016909696387123
 
[34]Sturt, P., Pickering, M. J., & Crocker, M. W. (1999). Structural Change and Reanalysis Difficulty in Language Comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 40, 136-150.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1998.2606
 
[35]Tamaoka, K., Sakai, H., Kawahara, J., & Miyaoka, Y. (2003). The Effects of Phrase-Length Order and Scrambling in the Processing of Visually Presented Japanese Sentences. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 32, 431-454.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024851729985
 
[36]Tokimoto, S. (2005). Disambiguation of Homonyms in Real-Time Japanese Sentence Processing: Case-Markings and Thematic Constraint. Language and Speech, 48, 65-87.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00238309050480010401
 
[37]Weinberg, A. (1993). Parameters in the Theory of Sentence Processing: Minimal Commitment Theory Goes East. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 22, 339-364.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01068016
 
[38]Yamashita, H. (2000). Structural Computation and the Role of Morphological Markings in the Processing of Japanese. Language and Speech, 43, 429-455.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00238309000430040501                                                    eww150205lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

Does Immigration Promote the Investment of the Monopolistic Firm?

In the present paper, we examine the effect of increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth on the optimal timing of investment of a firm that has a monopolistic power over the labor market. It is revealed that when the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is more than a threshold level, increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth accelerates the optimal timing of firms’ investment and enhances the economic growth, even if the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is formulated by the geometric Brownian motion, which is in sharp contrast to the standard result that an increase in the uncertainty postpones the optimal timing. With an increase in the immigrants over the past ten years, workforces in the host countries have been growing significantly to the extent that the immigrants represent 70% of the increase in the workforce in Europe, and 47% in the United States as OECD indicates. In the present paper, we attempted to investigate the effect of increased uncertainty caused by the growi...
发表评论
阅读全文

Education Policy Implementation: A Mechanism for Enhancing Primary Education Development in Zanzibar

Education is one of the fundamental rights of individuals; therefore, the government of a country needs to develop and strengthen educational policy and quality as well as to ensure that everyone has equal access to basic education. The improvement of access and quality of education in the world is becoming as an essential factor in development, whereas the basic education (primary school), is acknowledged as a foundation of the higher educational development for every country. To fulfill this goal, governments introduce several policies and procedures; however, it requires some reforms and participation from the politician, policymakers, and other stakeholders to re-examine educational policy so that it can lead to multiplication and betterment of the reforms. Educational reforms actually focus on accountability. A positive educational development and reform is very challenging and needs more effort and strategy on how to use and utilize the resources effectively as such it can achie...
发表评论
阅读全文