跳至主要内容

The Relationships among Community Type, Peat Layer Thickness, Belowground Carbon Storage and Habitat Age of Mangrove Forests in Pohnpei Island, Micronesia

Read  full  paper  at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53298#.VLydgcnQrzE

ABSTRACT
This paper quantifies the relationships among community type, peat layer thickness and habitat age of the mangrove forests in Pohnpei Island, Micronesia and provides a discussion concerning the primary succession and the belowground carbon storage of the main mangrove community types. The ages of the habitat were estimated from a relationship between the thickness of the mangrove peat layer and the formative period, which was decided by calibrated radiocarbon ages. Mangrove communities in the coral reef type habitat were generally arranged in the following order, from seaward to landward: 1) the Rhizophora stylosa or Sonneratia alba community (I or II communities), 2) the typical subunit of the S. alba subcommunity of the Rhizophora apiculata— Bruguiera gymnorrhiza community (III(2)a subunit) and 3) the Xylocarpus granatum subunit of the same subcommunity of the same community (III(2)b subunit). Their habitat ages were estimated to be younger than 460 years, between 360 and 1070 years and between 860 and 2300 years, respectively. Based on these results and other evidences such as photosynthetic characteristics and pollen analysis derived from the previous studies, the primary succession was inferred to have progressed in the order mentioned above. Belowground stored carbon for the main community types in the coral reef type habitat were estimated to be less than 370 t C ha-1 for the I and the II communities, between 290 and 860 t C ha-1 for the III(2)a subunit and between 700 and 1850 t C ha-1 for the III(2)b subunit.
 
Cite this paper
Fujimoto, K. , Mochida, Y. , Kikuchi, T. , Tabuchi, R. , Hirata, Y. and Lihpai, S. (2015) The Relationships among Community Type, Peat Layer Thickness, Belowground Carbon Storage and Habitat Age of Mangrove Forests in Pohnpei Island, Micronesia. Open Journal of Forestry, 5, 48-56. doi: 10.4236/ojf.2015.51006.
 
References
[1]Ball, M. C. (1988). Ecophysiology of Mangrove. Trees, 2, 129-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196018
 
[2]Fujimoto, K., Imaya, A., Tabuchi, R., Kuramoto, S., Utsugi, H., & Murofushi, T. (1999b). Belowground Carbon Storage of Micronesian Mangrove Forests. Ecological Research, 14, 409-413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.1999.00313.x
 
[3]Fujimoto, K., Miyagi, T., & Kikuchi, T. (1995a). Formative and Maintainable Mechanisms of Mangrove Habitats in Micronesia and the Philippines. In T. Kikuchi (Ed.), Rapid Sea Level Rise and Mangrove Habitat (pp. 9-18). Gifu: Institute for Basin Ecosystem Studies, Gifu University.
 
[4]Fujimoto, K., Miyagi, T., Kikuchi, T., & Kawana, T. (1996). Mangrove Habitat Formation and Response to Holocene Sea-Level Changes on Kosrae Island, Micronesia. Mangrove and Salt Marshes, 1, 47-57.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025994128221
 
[5]Fujimoto, K., Miyagi, T., Murofushi, T., Mochida, Y., Umitsu, M., Adachi, H., & Pramojanee, P. (1999a). Mangrove Habitat Dynamics and Holocene Sea-Level Changes in the Southwestern Coast of Thailand. TROPICS, 8, 239-255.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3759/tropics.8.239
 
[6]Fujimoto, K., Tabuchi, R., Hirata, Y., Ono, K., Taniguchi, S., & Lihpai, S. (2013). Aboveground Dynamics and Productivity of Major Mangrove Communities on Pohnpei Island, Federated States of Micronesia. Global Environmental Research, 17, 207-214.
 
[7]Fujimoto, K., Tabuchi, R., Mori, T., & Murofushi, T. (1995b). Site Environments and Stand Structure of the Mangrove Forests on Pohnpei Island, Micronesia. JARQ, 29, 275-284.
 
[8]Imanishi, K., & Kira, T. (1944). Mangrove. In K. Imanishi (Ed.), The Ponape Island: Ecological Study (pp. 62-91). Tokyo: Shokoshoin (Reprinted Edition: Kodansha 1975).
 
[9]Kikuchi, T. (Ed.) (1995). Rapid Sea Level Rise and Mangrove Habitat. Gifu: Institute of Basin Ecosystem Studies, Gifu University.
 
[10]Kikuchi, T., Mochida, Y., Miyagi, T., Fujimoto, K., & Tsuda, S. (1999). Mangrove Forests Supported by Peaty Habitats on Several Islands in the Western Pacific. TROPICS, 8, 197-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3759/tropics.8.197
 
[11]Kitao, M., Utsugi, H., Kuramoto, S., Tabuchi, R., Fujimoto, K., & Lihpai, S. (2003). Light-Dependent Photosynthetic Characteristics Indicated by Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Five Mangrove Species Native to Pohnpei Island, Micronesia. Physiologia Plantarum, 117, 376-382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2003.00042.x
 
[12]MacLean, C. D., Cole, T. G., Whitesell, C. D., Falanruw, M. V., & Ambacher, A. H. (1986). Vegetation Survey of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Resource Bulletin PSW-18, Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service.
 
[13]Miyagi, T., & Fujimoto, K. (1989). Geomorphological Situation and Stability of Mangrove Habitat at Truk Atoll and Ponape Island in the Federated States of Micronesia. Science Reports of Tohoku University, 7th Series (Geography), 39, 25-52.
 
[14]Miyagi, T., Kikuchi, T., & Fujimoto, K. (1995). Late Holocene Sealevel Changes and the Mangrove Peat Accumulation/ Habitat Dynamics in the Western Pacific Area. In T. Kikuchi (Ed.), Rapid Sea Level Rise and Mangrove Habitat (pp. 19-26). Gifu: Institute for Basin Ecosystem Studies, Gifu University.
 
[15]Mochida, Y., Kikuchi, T., Fujimoto, K., Hirata, Y., & Tabuchi, R. (2006). A Phytosociological Study of the Mangrove Forests on Pohnpei Island, Micronesia. In R. Tabuchi (Ed.), Evaluation of the Carbon Fixation and Organic Matter Decomposition Functions in Natural Mangrove Forests (pp. 4-10). Final Report of Study Supported by Grant-In Aid for Scientific Research (A)(2), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tsukuba: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute.
 
[16]Omoto, K. (1997). Radiocarbon Dating Reports of Nihon University, No. 5. Proceedings of the Institute of Natural Sciences, Nihon University, 33, 1-41.
 
[17]Petteys, E. Q. P., Peter, S., Rugg, R., & Cole, T. G. (1986). Timber Volumes in the Mangrove Forests of Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Resource Bulletin PSW-19, Berkeley, CA: Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service.
 
[18]Tabuchi, R. (Ed.) (2006). Evaluation of the Carbon Fixation and Organic Matter Decomposition Functions in Natural Mangrove Forests. Final Report of Study Supported by Grant-In Aid for Scientific Research (A)(2), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tsukuba: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute.
 
[19]Thom, B. G. (1967). Mangrove Ecology and Deltaic Geomorphology: Tabasco, Mexico. Journal of Ecology, 55, 301-343.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2257879
 
[20]Yamanaka, M., & Kikuchi, T. (1995). Pollen Analytical Studies of the Holocene Deposits from Kosrae and Pohnpei Islands, Micronesia. In T. Kikuchi (Ed.), Rapid Sea Level Rise and Mangrove Habitat (pp. 45-47). Gifu: Institute for Basin Ecosystem Studies, Gifu University.                                                                            eww150119lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

A Comparison of Methods Used to Determine the Oleic/Linoleic Acid Ratio in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food crop. It is also a cheap source of protein, a good source of essential vitamins and minerals, and a component of many food products. The fatty acid composition of peanuts has become increasingly important with the realization that oleic acid content significantly affects the development of rancidity. And oil content of peanuts significantly affects flavor and shelf-life. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes varying in oil composition (i.e. high oleic (H) or normal/not high oleic (NH) inclusive of all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested ...
发表评论
阅读全文

Location Optimization of a Coal Power Plant to Balance Costs against Plant’s Emission Exposure

Fuel and its delivery cost comprise the biggest expense in coal power plant operations. Delivery of electricity from generation to consumers requires investment in power lines and transmission grids. Placing a coal power plant or multiple power plants near dense population centers can lower transmission costs. If a coalmine is nearby, transportation costs can also be reduced. However, emissions from coal plants play a key role in worsening health crises in many countries. And coal upon combustion produces CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , CO, Metallic and Particle Matter (PM10 & PM2.5). The presence of these chemical compounds in the atmosphere in close vicinity to humans, livestock, and agriculture carries detrimental health consequences. The goal of the research was to develop a methodology to minimize the public’s exposure to harmful emissions from coal power plants while maintaining minimal operational costs related to electric distribution losses and coal logistics. The objective was...
发表评论
阅读全文

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Continuous Use of a Home-Use High-Frequency Facial Treatment Appliance

At present, many home-use beauty devices are available in the market. In particular, many products developed for facial treatment use light, e.g., a flash lamp or a light-emitting diode (LED). In this study, the safety of 4 weeks’ continuous use of NEWA TM , a high-frequency facial treatment appliance, every alternate day at home was verified, and its efficacy was evaluated in Japanese individuals with healthy skin aged 30 years or older who complained of sagging of the facial skin.  Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin levels, erythema levels, sebum secretion levels, skin color changes and wrinkle improvement in the facial skin were measured before the appliance began to be used (study baseline), at 2 and 4 weeks after it had begun to be used, and at 2 weeks after completion of the 4-week treatment period (6 weeks from the study baseline). In addition, data obtained by subjective evaluation by the subjects themselves on a visual analog scale (VAS) were also analyzed. Fur...
发表评论
阅读全文