跳至主要内容

Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Validation of Mixed Metal Oxide Thin Film Deposition by Spray Pyrolysis

Read  full  paper  at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53136#.VLXWacnQrzE

ABSTRACT
The deposition of metal oxide films using Spray Pyrolysis Technique (SPT) is investigated through mathematical and physical modeling. A comprehensive model is developed in the processes including atomization, spray, evaporation, chemical reaction and deposition. The predicted results including particle size and film thickness are compared with the experimental data obtained in a complementary study. The predicted film thickness is in a good agreement with the measurements when the temperature is high enough for the chemical reaction to proceed. The model also adequately predicts the size distribution when the nanocrystals are well-structured at controlled temperature and concentration.
 
Cite this paper
Khatami, S. , Ilegbusi, O. and Trakhtenberg, L. (2015) Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Validation of Mixed Metal Oxide Thin Film Deposition by Spray Pyrolysis. Materials Sciences and Applications, 6, 68-77. doi: 10.4236/msa.2015.61009.
 
References
[1]Sivalingam, D., Gopalakrishnan, J.B. and Rayappan, J.B.B. (2012) Nanostructured Mixed ZnO and CdO Thin Film for Selective Ethanol Sensing. Materials Letters, 77, 117-120.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.03.009
 
[2]Ilican, S., Caglar, Y., Caglar, M. and Yakuphanoglu, F. (2006) Electrical Conductivity, Optical and Structural Properties of Indium-Doped ZnO Nanofiber Thin Film Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Method. Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, 35, 131-138.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2006.07.009
 
[3]Kalantar-Zadeh, K. and Fry, B. (2007) Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors. Springer, New York.
 
[4]Kumar, P. (2013) Magnetism and Magnetotransport in Half and over Doped Manganites Impact of Substrate Induced Strain and Polycrystalline Disorder. Ph.D. Thesis, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida.
 
[5]Perednis, D. and Gauckler, L.J. (2005) Thin Film Deposition Using Spray Pyrolysis. Journal of Electroceramics, 14, 103-111.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10832-005-0870-x
 
[6]Nakaruk, A.S.C.C. and Sorrell, C.C. (2010) Conceptual Model for Spray Pyrolysis Mechanism: Fabrication and Annealing of Titania Thin Films. Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 7, 665-676.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11998-010-9245-6
 
[7]Jayanthi, G.V., Zhang, S.C. and Messing, G.L. (1993) Modeling of Solid Particle Formation during Solution Aerosol Thermolysis: The Evaporation Stage. Aerosol Science and Technology, 19, 478-490.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02786829308959653
 
[8]Yu, H.F. and Liao, W.H. (1998) Evaporation of Solution Droplets in Spray Pyrolysis. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 41, 993-1001.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(97)00226-3
 
[9]Eslamian, M., Ahmed, M. and Ashgriz, N. (2006) Modelling of Nanoparticle Formation during Spray Pyrolysis. Nanotechnology, 17, 1674.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/17/6/023
 
[10]Reuge, N. and Caussat, B. (2007) A Dimensionless Study of the Evaporation and Drying Stages in Spray Pyrolysis. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 31, 1088-1099.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2006.09.011
 
[11]Huang, L., Kumar, K. and Mujumdar, A.S. (2004) Simulation of a Spray Dryer Fitted with a Rotary Disk Atomizer Using a Three-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamic Model. Drying Technology, 22, 1489-1515.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/DRT-120038737
 
[12]Jiang, X., Ward, T.L., Swol, F.V. and Brinker, C.J. (2010) Numerical Simulation of Ethanol-Water-NaCl Droplet Evaporation. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49, 5631-5643.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie902042z
 
[13]Khatami, S.M.N., Ilegbusi, O.J. and Trakhtenberg, L. (2013) Modeling of Aerosol Spray Characteristics for Synthesis of Sensor Thin Film from Solution. Applied Mathematical Modeling, 37, 6389-6399.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2013.01.009
 
[14]Khatami, S.M.N. and Ilegbusi, O.J. (2012) Droplet Evaporation and Chemical Reaction in a Single Multi-Component Droplet to Synthesis Mixed-Oxide Film Using Spray Pyrolysis Method. Proceedings of the ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Houston, 9-15 November 2012, 633-638.
 
[15]Widiyastuti, W., Wang, W.N., Lenggoro, I.W., Iskandar, F. and Okuyama, K. (2007) Simulation and Experimental Study of Spray Pyrolysis of Polydispersed Droplets. Journal of Materials Research, 22, 1888-1898.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0235
 
[16]Filipovic, L., Selberherr, S., Mutinati, G.C., Brunet, E., Steinhauer, S., Köck, A. and Schrank, F. (2013) Modeling Spray Pyrolysis Deposition. Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, 2, 987-992.
 
[17]Blaker, K.A., Halani, A.T., Vijayakumar, P.S., Wieting, R.D. and Wong, B. (1988) Chemical Vapor Deposition of Zinc Oxide Films and Products. US Patent No. 4751149.
 
[18]Barnes, T.M., Leaf, J., Fry, C. and Wolden, C.A. (2005) Room Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition of c-Axis ZnO. Journal of Crystal Growth, 274, 412-417.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.10.015
 
[19]Khatami, S.M.N., Kuruppumullage, D.N. and Ilegbusi, O.J. (2013) Characterization of Metal Oxide Sensor Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis. Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, San Diego, 15-21 November, Article ID: V010T11A044.
 
[20]Khatami, S.M.N. and Ilegbusi, O.J. 2011) Modeling of Aerosol Spray Characteristics for Synthesis of Mixed-Oxide Nanocomposite Sensor Film. Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Denver, 11-17 November 2011, 581-589.
 
[21]Shinde, P.S. (2012) Photoelectrochemical Detoxification of Water Using Spray Deposited Oxide Semiconductor Thin Films. Ph.D. Thesis, Shivaji University, Kolhapur.
 
[22]Kowarik, S., Hinderhofer, A., Gerlach, A. and Schreiber, F. (2011) Modeling Thin Film Deposition Processes Based on Real-Time Observation. In: Cao, Z., Ed., Thin Film Growth, Woodhead Publishing, Oxford, Cambridge.
 
[23]Gupta, S.P. (1985) Measures of Dispersion, Statistical Methods. Sultan Chand and Sons, New Delhi.
 
[24]Ayouchi, R., Martin, F., Leinen, D. and Ramos-Barrado, J.R. (2003) Growth of Pure ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis on Silicon. Journal of Crystal Growth, 247, 497-504.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(02)01917-6
 
[25]Hu, J. and Gordon, R.G. (1992) Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Gallium Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films from Diethyl Zinc, Water, and Triethyl Gallium. Journal of Applied Physics, 72, 5381-5392.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351977
 
[26]Hu, J. and Gordon, R.G. (1992b) Textured Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films from Atmospheric Pressure Chemical-Vapor Deposition. Journal of Applied Physics, 71, 880-890.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351309
 
[27]Zunke, I., Heft, A., Schäfer, P., Haidu, F., Lehmann, D., Grünler, B. and Zahn, D.R.T. (2013) Conductive Zinc Oxide Thin Film Coatings by Combustion Chemical Vapour Deposition at Atmospheric Pressure. Thin Solid Films, 532, 50-55.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2012.11.151
 
[28]Liang, Z., Gao, R., Lan, J.L., Wiranwetchayan, O., Zhang, Q., Li, C. and Cao, G. (2013) Growth of Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanowalls for Inverted Polymer Solar Cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 117, 34-40.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2013.05.019
 
[29]Tucic, A., Marinkovic, Z.V., Mancic, L., Cilense, M. and Milosevic, O. (2003) Pyrosol Preparation and Structural Characterization of SnO2 Thin Films. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 143, 41-45.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00316-9
 
[30]Jiao, B.C., Zhang, X.D., Wei, C.C., Sun, J., Huang, Q. and Zhao, Y. (2011) Effect of Acetic Acid on ZnO: In Transparent Conductive Oxide Prepared by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis. Thin Solid Films, 520, 1323-1329.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.152
 
[31]Miki-Yoshida, M., Paraguay-Delgado, F., Estrada-Lopez, W. and Andrade, E. (2000) Structure and Morphology of High Quality Indium-Doped ZnO Films Obtained by Spray Pyrolysis. Thin Solid Films, 376, 99-109.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(00)01408-5
 
[32]Lee, J.H., Lee, S.Y. and Park, B.O. (2006) Fabrication and Characteristics of Transparent Conducting In2O3-ZnO Thin Films by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis. Materials Science and Engineering: B, 127, 267-271.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2005.10.008
 
[33]Badadhe, S.S. and Mulla, I.S. (2009) H2S Gas Sensitive Indium-Doped ZnO Thin Films: Preparation and Characterization. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 143, 164-170.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.08.056                                                                          eww150114lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

A Comparison of Methods Used to Determine the Oleic/Linoleic Acid Ratio in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food crop. It is also a cheap source of protein, a good source of essential vitamins and minerals, and a component of many food products. The fatty acid composition of peanuts has become increasingly important with the realization that oleic acid content significantly affects the development of rancidity. And oil content of peanuts significantly affects flavor and shelf-life. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes varying in oil composition (i.e. high oleic (H) or normal/not high oleic (NH) inclusive of all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested ...
发表评论
阅读全文

Location Optimization of a Coal Power Plant to Balance Costs against Plant’s Emission Exposure

Fuel and its delivery cost comprise the biggest expense in coal power plant operations. Delivery of electricity from generation to consumers requires investment in power lines and transmission grids. Placing a coal power plant or multiple power plants near dense population centers can lower transmission costs. If a coalmine is nearby, transportation costs can also be reduced. However, emissions from coal plants play a key role in worsening health crises in many countries. And coal upon combustion produces CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , CO, Metallic and Particle Matter (PM10 & PM2.5). The presence of these chemical compounds in the atmosphere in close vicinity to humans, livestock, and agriculture carries detrimental health consequences. The goal of the research was to develop a methodology to minimize the public’s exposure to harmful emissions from coal power plants while maintaining minimal operational costs related to electric distribution losses and coal logistics. The objective was...
发表评论
阅读全文

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Continuous Use of a Home-Use High-Frequency Facial Treatment Appliance

At present, many home-use beauty devices are available in the market. In particular, many products developed for facial treatment use light, e.g., a flash lamp or a light-emitting diode (LED). In this study, the safety of 4 weeks’ continuous use of NEWA TM , a high-frequency facial treatment appliance, every alternate day at home was verified, and its efficacy was evaluated in Japanese individuals with healthy skin aged 30 years or older who complained of sagging of the facial skin.  Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin levels, erythema levels, sebum secretion levels, skin color changes and wrinkle improvement in the facial skin were measured before the appliance began to be used (study baseline), at 2 and 4 weeks after it had begun to be used, and at 2 weeks after completion of the 4-week treatment period (6 weeks from the study baseline). In addition, data obtained by subjective evaluation by the subjects themselves on a visual analog scale (VAS) were also analyzed. Fur...
发表评论
阅读全文