跳至主要内容

Simultaneous Multimode Oscillation of Stress-Compensated Cut Quartz Resonator with Narrow-Band Wide Variable-Range Quartz Crystal Oscillator

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=52681#.VKC8dcCAM4

Author(s) 
A multimode-quartz-crystal oscillator was developed to excite stable dual-mode resonance at different frequencies: The oscillation of the 3rd harmonic resonance of the principle C-mode and an additional resonance B-mode of SC-cut crystal. Harmonic combinations of the 3rd and fundamental mode of B-mode with the 3rd harmonics of C-mode are demonstrated. The measurement of the temperature dependence of the oscillation frequency is demonstrated along with the stability determined by root Allan variance. Dependence on the open conductance of the active circuit and the dependence on the coupling capacitors are discussed.
Cite this paper
Sato, T. and Akitsu, T. (2014) Simultaneous Multimode Oscillation of Stress-Compensated Cut Quartz Resonator with Narrow-Band Wide Variable-Range Quartz Crystal Oscillator. Engineering, 6, 973-988. doi: 10.4236/eng.2014.613088. 
 

[1] Vig, J.R. (1999) Dual-Mode Oscillators for Clocks and Sensors. Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, Caesars Tahoe, 17-20 October 1999, 859-868.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.1999.849128
[2] Vig, J.R. (2001) Temperature Insensitive Dual-Mode-Resonant Sensors—A Review. IEEE Sensors Journal, 1, 62-68.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2001.923588
[3] Schodowski, S.S. (1989) Resonator Self-Temperature Sensing Using a Dual-Harmonic-Mode Oscillator. Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Symposium on Frequency Control, Denver, 31 May-2 June 1989, 2-7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1989.68851
[4] Vig, J.R. (2012) Thermometric Beat Frequency Generation. In: Quartz Crystal Resonators and Oscillators for Frequency Control and Timing Applications. A Tutorial, US Army, Communications Electronics Research Development & Engineering Center (CERDEC), Fort Monmouth, 65-71.
http://www.ieee-uffc.org/frequency_control/teaching/vig/vig3.ppt-2012-05-14
[5] Stofanik, V., BaláZ, I., Minárik, M. and Cocherová, E. (2008) Investigation of Self-Temperature-Sensing of SC-Cut with Simultaneous Excitation of Two Higher Overtones in Dual-Mode Crystal Oscillator. IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium, Honolulu, 19-21 May 2008, 170-173.
[6] Ferrari, M., Ferrari, V. and Kanazawa, K.K. (2008) Dual Harmonic Oscillator for Quartz Crystal Resonator Sensors. Sensors and Actuators A, 145-146, 131-138.
[7] Izyan-Ruslan, R., Sato, T. and Akitsu, T. (2012) Voltage Controlled Narrow Band Wide-Variable Range Four Segment Quartz Crystal Oscillator. Transactions Ultrasonics, Ferro-Electrics and Frequency Control, 59, 564-572.
[8] Barnes, J.A., Chi, A.R., Cutler, L.S., Healey, D.J., Leeson, D.B., McGunigal, T.E., Mullen Jr., J.A., Smith, W.L., Sydnor, R.L., Vessot, R.F.C. and Winkler, G.M.R. (1971) Characterization of Frequency Stability. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, IM-20, 105-120.
[9] Allan, D.W. (1966) Statistics of Atomic Frequency Standards. Proceedings of the IEEE, 54, 221-230.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1966.4634
[10] 1139-1999 IEEE Standard Definitions of Physical Quantities for Fundamental Frequency and Time Metrology                    eww141229lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

A Comparison of Methods Used to Determine the Oleic/Linoleic Acid Ratio in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food crop. It is also a cheap source of protein, a good source of essential vitamins and minerals, and a component of many food products. The fatty acid composition of peanuts has become increasingly important with the realization that oleic acid content significantly affects the development of rancidity. And oil content of peanuts significantly affects flavor and shelf-life. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes varying in oil composition (i.e. high oleic (H) or normal/not high oleic (NH) inclusive of all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested ...
发表评论
阅读全文

Location Optimization of a Coal Power Plant to Balance Costs against Plant’s Emission Exposure

Fuel and its delivery cost comprise the biggest expense in coal power plant operations. Delivery of electricity from generation to consumers requires investment in power lines and transmission grids. Placing a coal power plant or multiple power plants near dense population centers can lower transmission costs. If a coalmine is nearby, transportation costs can also be reduced. However, emissions from coal plants play a key role in worsening health crises in many countries. And coal upon combustion produces CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , CO, Metallic and Particle Matter (PM10 & PM2.5). The presence of these chemical compounds in the atmosphere in close vicinity to humans, livestock, and agriculture carries detrimental health consequences. The goal of the research was to develop a methodology to minimize the public’s exposure to harmful emissions from coal power plants while maintaining minimal operational costs related to electric distribution losses and coal logistics. The objective was...
发表评论
阅读全文

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Continuous Use of a Home-Use High-Frequency Facial Treatment Appliance

At present, many home-use beauty devices are available in the market. In particular, many products developed for facial treatment use light, e.g., a flash lamp or a light-emitting diode (LED). In this study, the safety of 4 weeks’ continuous use of NEWA TM , a high-frequency facial treatment appliance, every alternate day at home was verified, and its efficacy was evaluated in Japanese individuals with healthy skin aged 30 years or older who complained of sagging of the facial skin.  Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin levels, erythema levels, sebum secretion levels, skin color changes and wrinkle improvement in the facial skin were measured before the appliance began to be used (study baseline), at 2 and 4 weeks after it had begun to be used, and at 2 weeks after completion of the 4-week treatment period (6 weeks from the study baseline). In addition, data obtained by subjective evaluation by the subjects themselves on a visual analog scale (VAS) were also analyzed. Fur...
发表评论
阅读全文