Resveratrol—The “Chateau Hormone” for Cardio Diabetic Protection

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=51838#.VHfSpmfHRK0

Author(s)

Manish Maladkar^*, Meenu Awatramani, Kundan Bhong

Affiliation(s)

Aristo Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India.

ABSTRACT

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring phenolic compound abundantly found in grape skin and in wines. Resveratrol is a phytoalexin trans-3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene that possesses diverse biochemical and physiological actions. It is effective in improving health and preventing or treating chronicdiseases. The cardiovascular protective effects of Resveratrol suggest the anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of the compound on endothelial cells. Resveratrol attenuates myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis and reduces ventricular arrhythmias. Resveratrol has been widely studied and is shown to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects and many signalling pathways are among the molecular targets of Resveratrol. Based on these mechanistic considerations, the involvement of Resveratrol has been observed in cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In type 2 diabetes patients, when Resveratrol was given along with anti-diabetic agents, it was found to lower blood glucose, HbA1C and increase the insulin sensitivity and the levels of HDL-C. Resveratrol acts on the SIRT1 gene and stimulates endogenous pathways to promote health and longevity.

KEYWORDS

Resveratrol, Cardiovascular Disease, Atherosclerosis, HDL-C, Diabetes, β-Blockers, Residual Vascular Risk

Cite this paper

Maladkar, M. , Awatramani, M. and Bhong, K. (2014) Resveratrol—The “Chateau Hormone” for Cardio Diabetic Protection. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 4, 371-378. doi: 10.4236/jdm.2014.44050. 

 

References

[1]	Catalgol, B., Batirel, S., Taga, Y. and Ozer, N.K. (2012) Resveratrol: French Paradox Revisited. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 3, 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2012.00141
[2]	Mukherjee, S., Dudley, J.I. and Das, D.K. (2010) Dose-Dependency of Resveratrol in Providing Health Benefits. Dose-Response, 8, 478-500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.09-015.Mukherjee
[3]	Smoliga, J.M., Baur, J.A. and Hausenblas, H.A. (2011) Resveratrol and Health—A Comprehensive Review of Human Clinical Trials. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 55, 1129-1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201100143
[4]	Das, M. and Das, D.K. (2010) Resveratrol and Cardiovascular Health. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 31, 503-512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.001
[5]	Liu, J.-C., Chen, J.-J., Chan, P., Cheng, C.-F. and Cheng, T.-H. (2003) Inhibition of Cyclic Strain-Induced Endothelin-1 Gene Expression by Resveratrol. Hypertension, 42, 1198-1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.0000103162.76220.51
[6]	Hwang, S.-J., et al. (1997) Circulating Adhesion Molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-Selectin in Carotid Atherosclerosis and Incident Coronary Heart Disease Cases. Circulation, 96, 4219-4225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.96.12.4219
[7]	Zhong, L.-M., et al. (2012) Resveratrol Inhibits Inflammatory Responses via the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway in Cultured LPS-Stimulated Microglial Cells. PLoS ONE, 7, 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032195
[8]	Belguendouz, L., Fremont, L. and Linard, A. (1997) Resveratrol Inhibits Metal Ion-Dependent and Independent Pe-roxidation of Porcine Low-Density Lipoproteins. Biochemical Pharmacology, 53, 1347-1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(96)00820-9
[9]	Wu, J.M., Hsieh, T.-C. and Wang, Z. (2011) Cardioprotection by Resveratrol: A Review of Effects/Targets in Cultured Cells and Animal Tissues. American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease, 1, 38-47.
[10]	Wang, Z., et al. (2002) Effect of Resveratrol on Platelet Aggregation in Vivo and in Vitro. Chinese Medical Journal, 115, 378-380.
[11]	Shen, M., Wu, R.-X., Zhao, L., Li, J., Guo, H.-T., et al. (2012) Resveratrol Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Neonatal Cardiomyocytes and Its Underlying Mechanism. PLoS ONE, 7, e51223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051223
[12]	Hung, L.-M., Chen, J.-K., Huang, S.-S., Lee, R.-S. and Su, M.-J. (2000) Cardioprotective Effect of Resveratrol, a Natural Antioxidant Derived from Grapes. Cardiovascular Research, 47, 549-555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(00)00102-4
[13]	Wang, Z., Zou, J., Cao, K., Hsieh, T.C., Huang, Y. and Wu, J.M. (2005) Dealcoholized Red Wine Containing Known Amounts of Resveratrol Suppresses Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits without Affecting Plasma Lipid Levels. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 16, 533-540.
[14]	Vijaykumar, V. (2014) Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Resvita Capsules in Hyperlipidemic Patients in a Phase III, Open Label Trial. The Indian Practitioner, unpublished.
[15]	Su, H.-C., Hung, L.-M. and Chen, J.-K. (2006) Resveratrol, a Red Wine Antioxidant, Possesses an Insulin-Like Effect in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. The American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 290, E1339-E1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00487.2005
[16]	Brasnyó, P., et al. (2011) Resveratrol Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Reduces Oxidative Stress and Activates the Akt Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. British Journal of Nutrition, 106, 383-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511000316
[17]	Brasnyó, P., Sümegi, B., Winkler, G. and Wittmann, I. (2014) Resveratrol and Oxidative Stress in Diabetes Mellitus. In: Preedy, V.R., Ed., Diabetes Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Academic Press, Waltham, 99-109.
[18]	Kim, M.Y., et al. (2013) Resveratrol Prevents Renal Lipotoxicity and Inhibits Mesangial Cell Glucotoxicity in a Manner Dependent on the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC1α Axis in db/db Mice. Diabetologia, 56, 204-217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2747-2
[19]	Wolinsky, H. (1987) The Effects of Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents on Blood Lipid Levels. Clinical Cardiology, 10, 561-566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clc.4960101010
[20]	Gergely, J. (1998) Experimental Study of Metoprolol-Induced Side Effects. Acta Pharmceutica Hungarica, 68, 205-209.
[21]	Fuhrman, B. (2012) Regulation of Hepatic Paraoxonase-1 Expression. Journal of Lipids, 2012, Article ID: 684010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/684010
[22]	Gouédard, C., Barouki, R. and Morel, Y. (2004) Induction of the Paraoxonase-1 Gene Expression by Resveratrol. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 24, 2378-2383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000146530.24736.ce
[23]	Baigent, C., et al. (2005) Efficacy and Safety of Cholesterol-Lowering Treatment: Prospective Meta-Analysis of Data from 90,056 Participants in 14 Randomised Trials of Statins. The Lancet, 366, 1267-1278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67394-1                              eww141128lx