Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=51533#.VG2t-2fHRK0
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=51533#.VG2t-2fHRK0
Author(s)
As a mechanism for collaborative group learning, we
have designed a psychoeducational group curriculum that utilizes social
justice principles within a liberation framework to address societal
marginalization of American Indian communities. The curriculum within
this proposed psychoeducational group format helps educators facilitate
student exploration of societal portrayals of American Indians with the
intent of developing action plans to address social injustice. Students
exposed to the curriculum within this psychoeducational group will be
equipped with critical thinking skills to transform their emerging
social justice awareness and knowledge into social justice skills.
Additionally, educators who lead this group can become social justice
role models for others by using this experience to address issues of
oppression and marginalization that are manifest in other forms in
society.
KEYWORDS
Cite this paper
Steinfeldt, J. , Foltz, B. and Stockton, R.
(2014) Psychoeducational Group Curriculum to Address American Indian
Marginalization. Creative Education, 5, 1782-1791. doi: 10.4236/ce.2014.520199.
[1] | Adams, M. (2007). Pedagogical Frameworks for Social Justice Education. In M. Adams, L. A. Bell, & P. Griffin (Eds.), Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice (pp. 20-33). New York: Routledge. |
[2] | Aldarondo, E. (2007). Advancing Social Justice through Clinical Practice. Manway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Inc. |
[3] |
Alkon, A. H., & Norgaard, K.
M. (2009). Breaking the Food Chains: An Investigation of Food Justice
Activism. Sociological Inquiry, 79, 289-305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682X.2009.00291.x |
[4] |
American Counseling Association
(2001). Resolution: Opposition to Use of Stereotypical Native American
Images as Sports Symbols and Mascots. http://aistm.org/2001aca.htm |
[5] |
American Indian Sports Team
Mascots (AISTM) (2014). List of Organizations Endorsing Retirement of
“Indian” Sports Team Tokens. http://aistm.org/fr.groups.htm |
[6] |
American Psychological
Association (2003). Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training,
Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists.
American Psychologist, 58, 377-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.58.5.377 |
[7] |
American Psychological
Association (2008). Report of the Task Force on the Implementation of
the Multicultural Guidelines.
http://www.apa.org/about/governance/council/policy/multicultural-report.pdf |
[8] |
Associated Press (2009). A Darker Side of Columbus Emerges in US Classrooms.
http://www.usatoday.com/news/education/2009-10-12-columbus-day_N.htm?csp=34 |
[9] |
Association for Multicultural
Counseling and Development (2009). AMCD Multicultural Counseling
Competencies.
http://www.amcdaca.org/amcd/competencies.pdf |
[10] | Bell, L. A. & Griffin, P. (2007). Designing Social Justice Education Courses. In M. Adams, L. A. Bell, & P. Griffin (Eds.), Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice (pp. 67-87). New York: Routledge. |
[11] | Duran, E. (2006). Healing the Soul Wound: Counseling with American Indians and Other Native Peoples. Multicultural Foundations of Psychology and Counseling Series, New York: Teachers College Press. |
[12] |
Duran, E., Firehammer, J., &
Gonzalez, J. (2008). Liberation Psychology as the Path toward Healing
Cultural Soul Wounds. Journal of Counseling and Development, 86,
288-295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2008.tb00511.x |
[13] | Fenelon, J. V. (1999). Indian Icons in the World Series of Racism: Institutionalization of the Racial Symbols of Wahoos and Indians. Research in Politics and Society, 6, 25-45. |
[14] |
Fox, D. R. (2003). Awareness Is
Good, but Action Is Better. The Counseling Psychologist, 31, 299-304.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000003031003005 |
[15] | Friere, P. (1970). The Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum. |
[16] |
Fryberg, S. A., Markus, H. R.,
Oyserman, D., & Stone, J. M. (2008). Of Warrior Chiefs and Indian
Princesses: The Psychological Consequences of American Indian Mascots.
Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 30, 208-218.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01973530802375003 |
[17] |
Goodman, L. A., Liang, B.,
Helms, J. E., Latta, R. E., Sparks, E., & Weintraub, S. R. (2004).
Training Counseling Psychologists as Social Justice Agents: Feminist and
Multicultural Principles in Action. The Counseling Psychologist, 32,
793-837.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000004268802 |
[18] |
Goodman, R. D., &
West-Olatunji, C. A. (2009). Applying Critical Consciousness: Culturally
Competent Disaster Response Outcomes. Journal of Counseling &
Development, 87, 458-465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2009.tb00130.x |
[19] | Griffin, P., & Ouellett, M. L. (2007). Facilitating Social Justice Education Courses. In M. Adams, L. A. Bell, & P. Griffin (Eds.), Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice (pp. 89-113). New York: Routledge. |
[20] |
Grounds, R. (2001). Tallahassee,
Osceola and the Hermeneutics of American Place-Names. Journal of the
American Academy of Religion, 69, 287-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/69.2.287 |
[21] |
Indian Health Service, IHS (2011). IHS Fact Sheets: Behavioral Health. http://info.ihs.gov/Bhealth.asp |
[22] |
Kim-Prieto, C., Goldstein, L.
A., Okazaki, S., & Kirschner, B. (2010). Effect of Exposure to an
American Indian Mascot on the Tendency to Stereotype a Different
Minority Group. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 40, 534-553.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2010.00586.x |
[23] | King, C. R., Davis-Delano, L., Staurowsky, E. J., & Baca, L. (2006). Sports Mascots and the Media. In G. Tennenbaum, & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of Sport Psychology (3rd ed., pp. 559-575). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley and Sons. |
[24] |
King, C. R., Staurowsky, E. J.,
Baca, L., Davis, L. R., & Pewewardy, C. (2002). Of Polls and
Prejudice: Sports Illustrated’s Errant “Indian Wars”. Journal of Sport
& Social Issues, 26, 381-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193732502238255 |
[25] | Loewen, J. (2008). Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong (2nd ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. |
[26] |
MacNair-Semands, R. R. (2007).
Attending to the Spirit of Social Justice as an Ethical Approach to
Group Therapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 57, 61-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/ijgp.2007.57.1.61 |
[27] |
Merskin, D. (2001). Winnebagos,
Cherokees, Apaches and Dakotas: The Persistence of Stereotyping of
American Indians in American Advertising Brands. The Howard Journal of
Communications, 12, 159-169.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/106461701753210439 |
[28] |
Mitchell, J. (2009). Lady Indians on the Warpath after Rolling over Seahawks.
http://www.sussexcountian.com/sports/x497782934/Lady-Indians-on-the-warpath-after-rolling-over-Seahawks |
[29] |
Neville, H. A., Lilly, R. L.,
Duran, G., Lee, R. M., & Browne, L. (2000). Construction and Initial
Validation of the Color-Blind Racial Attitudes Scale (CoBRAS). Journal
of Counseling Psychology, 47, 59-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.47.1.59 |
[30] |
Olson, L. M., & Wahab, S.
(2006). American Indians and Suicide: A Neglected Area of Research.
Trauma, Violence and Abuse, 7, 19-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838005283005 |
[31] | Pewewardy, C. D. (1991). Native American Mascots and Imagery: The Struggle of Unlearning Indian Stereotypes. Journal of Navajo Education, 9, 19-23. |
[32] |
Pieterse, A. L., Evans, S. A.,
Risner-Butner, A., Collins, N. M., & Mason, L. B. (2009).
Multicultural Competence and Social Justice Training in Counseling
Psychology and Counselor Education. The Counseling Psychologist, 37,
93-115.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000008319986 |
[33] |
Portman, T. A. A., &
Portman, G. L. (2002). Empowering Students for Social Justice: A
Structured Group Approach. Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 27,
16-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193392202027001003 |
[34] |
Ratts, M. J., DeKruyf, L., &
Chen-Hayes, S. F. (2007). The ACA Advocacy Competencies: A Social
Justice Advocacy Framework for Professional Counselors. Professional
School Counseling, 11, 90-97.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5330/PSC.n.2010-11.90 |
[35] | Ratts, M., D’Andrea, M., & Arredondo, P. (2004). Social Justice Counseling: Fifth Force in Counseling. Counseling Today, 47, 28-30. |
[36] |
Reuters (2007). Dream Day for Owings as D-Backs Scalp Braves. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSB13907520070819 |
[37] | Russel, S. (2003). Ethics, Alterity, Incommensurability, Honor. Ayaangwaamizin: The International Journal of Indigenous Philosophy, 3, 31-54. |
[38] |
Smith, L. C., & Shin, R. Q.
(2008). Social Privilege, Social Justice and Group Counseling: An
Inquiry. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 33, 351-366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01933920802424415 |
[39] |
Staurowsky, E. J. (1999).
American Indian Imagery and the Miseducation of America. Quest, 51,
382-392.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00336297.1999.10491693 |
[40] |
Staurowsky, E. J. (2004).
Privilege at Play: On the Legal and Social Fictions that Sustain
American Indian Sport Imagery. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 28,
11-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193732503261148 |
[41] |
Steele, J. M. (2008). Preparing
Counselors to Advocate for Social Justice: A Liberation Model. Counselor
Education and Supervision, 48, 74-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2008.tb00064.x |
[42] | Steinfeldt, J. A., & Steinfeldt, C. M. (2012). Multicultural Training Intervention to Address Native American Stereotypes. Counselor Education and Supervision, 51, 17-32. |
[43] |
Steinfeldt, J. A., & Wong,
Y. J. (2010). Multicultural Training on American Indian Issues: Testing
the Effectiveness of an Intervention to Change Attitudes toward
Native-Themed Mascots. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority
Psychology, 16, 110-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0018633 |
[44] |
Steinfeldt, J. A., Foltz, B. D.,
Kaladow, J. K., Carlson, T., Pagano, L., Benton, E., & Steinfeldt,
M. C. (2010). Racism in the Electronic Age: Role of Online Forums in
Expressing Racial Attitudes about American Indians. Cultural Diversity
and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 16, 362-371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0018692 |
[45] |
Steinfeldt, J. A., Foltz, B. D.,
LaFollette, J. R., White, M. R., Wong, Y. J., & Steinfeldt, M. C.
(2012). Perspectives of Social Justice Activists: Advocating against
Native-Themed Mascots, Nicknames and Logos. The Counseling Psychologist,
40, 326-362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000011411736 |
[46] | Stockton, R. A., Terry, L., & Bhusumane, D. (2007). Fundamentals of Group Work. In J. Gregoire, & C. M. Jungers (Eds.), The Counselor’s Companion: What Every Beginning Counselor Needs to Know (pp. 274-275). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. |
[47] |
Vera, E. M., & Speight, S.
L. (2003). Multicultural Competencies, Social Justice and Counseling
Psychology: Expanding Our Roles. The Counseling Psychologist, 31,
253-272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000003031003001 eww141120lx |
[48] | Westheimer, J., & Kahne, J. (1998). Education for Action: Preparing Youth for a Participatory Democracy. In W. Ayers, J. A. Hunt, & T. Quinn (Eds.), Teaching for Social Justice (pp. 1-20). New York: The New Press. |
[49] | Williams, D. M. (2007). Where’s the Honor? Attitudes toward the “Fighting Sioux” Nickname and Logo. Sociology of Sport Journal, 24, 437-456. |
评论
发表评论