Epidemiological, Pathophysiological and Clinical Peculiarities of Graves’ Disease in Children with Down and Turner Syndrome: A Literature Review
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Author(s)
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Aim: to describe the salient relationships between
Graves’ disease (GD) and both Turner syndrome (TS) and Down syndrome
(DS). Design: to conduct a secondary analysis of current literature on
this topic. Results: 1) the prevalences of GD in TS and in DS young
patients are 1.7% and 6.5‰, respectively, i.e. higher than that in
pediatric general population (around 1‰); 2) in both these
chromosomopathies GD presentation is often preceded by Hashimoto’s
thyroiditis (HT) antecedents; 3) in both TS and DS, GD presents with a
clinical picture very similar to that observed in GD patients without
these chromosomopathies; 4) in TS, clinical course of GD under
pharmacological therapy is very similar to that observed in non-TS
girls; 5) in DS, clinical course of GD under pharmacological therapy is
less severe than that in non-DS patients. Conclusions: in the children
with either TS or DS, GD is characterized by two common epidemiological
peculiarities, i.e. increased prevalence rate and elevated frequency of
HT antecedents.
KEYWORDS
Cite this paper
Wasniewska, M. , Aversa, T. , De Luca, F. ,
Valenzise, M. , Messina, M. and Lombardo, F. (2014) Epidemiological,
Pathophysiological and Clinical Peculiarities of Graves’ Disease in
Children with Down and Turner Syndrome: A Literature Review. Health, 6, 1447-1452. doi: 10.4236/health.2014.612178.
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