跳至主要内容

Analyzing Land Cover Change—The Impact of the Motorway Construction and Their Operation on Landscape Structure

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=51131#.VFbVq2fHRK0

The aim of our study was to assess the influence of motorways on landscape structure changes. The research was situated on segments of the D1 and D3 motorways in the Czech Republic. The method used for determining the impacts of the construction and operation of the motorway on the landscape structure was based on comparing the development of the land cover types in an area where the motorway was present for almost the entire monitored period (D1 motorway segment) with the development of the land cover types in an area where the motorway was constructed towards the end of the monitored period (D3 motorway segment). Monitored period was between years 1949, 1988 (1984 segment of motorway D3) and 2007. Source materials were processed and analyzed in the ArcGIS software environment. Our comparison indicated that the main differences between segments were in the level of development of commercial, industrial and agricultural built-up area in the vicinity of motorways. The existence of the motorway also contributed to the development of residential areas. It should be noted that in both cases there was also an increase in the extension of shrubs and scattered vegetation, and in small quantities also category of forest.
Cite this paper
Keken, Z. , Sebkova, M. and Skalos, J. (2014) Analyzing Land Cover Change—The Impact of the Motorway Construction and Their Operation on Landscape Structure. Journal of Geographic Information System, 6, 559-571. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2014.65046. 
 

[1] Lipsky, Z. (2001) Vyvoj Ceské kulturní krajiny. Ceská zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Kostelec nad Cernymi Lesy.
[2] Sklenicka, P. (2003) Základy krajinného plánování. Praha, Nakladatelství Naděcda Sklenicková.
[3] Munteanu, C., Kuemmerle, T., Boltiziar, M., Butsic, V., Gimmi, U., Halada, L., Kaim, D., Király, G., Konkoly-Gyuró, E., Kozak, J., Lieskovsky, J., Mojses, M., Müller, D., Ostafin, K., Ostapowicz, K., Shandra, O., Stych, P., Walker, S. and Radeloff, V.C. (2014) Forest and Agricultural Land Change in the Carpathian Region—A Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Patterns and Drivers of Change. Land Use Policy, 39, 685-697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.01.012
[4] Romportl, D. and Chuman, T. (2010) Změny struktury krajiny vlivem rezidencní a komercní suburbanizace v Ceské republice. Suburbanizace.cz.
[5] Antrop, M. (2005) Why Landscapes of the Past Are Important for the Future. Landscape and Urban Planning, 70, 21-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.10.002
[6] Ikiel, C., Dutucu, A.A., Ustaoglu, B. and Kilic, D.E. (2013) Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Classification Using Spot-5 Image in the Adapazari Plain and Its Surroundings, Turkey. The Online Journal of Science and Technology, 2, 37-42.
[7] Keken, Z., Kusta, T. and Jezek, M. (2001) The Effect of Roads and Road Transport on the Environment and Defining of Road Affected Zone. Acta Pruhoniciana, 99, 183-188.
[8] van der Ree, R., Jaeger, J.A.G., van der Grift, E.A. and Clevenger, A.P. (2011) Effects of Roads and Traffic on Wildlife Populations and Landscape Function: Road Ecology Is Moving towards Larger Scales. Ecology and Society, 16, 48.
[9] Lambin, E.F., Turner, B.L., Geist, H.J., Agbola, S.B., Angelsen, A., Bruce, J.W., Coomes, O.T., Dirzo, R., Fischer, G., Folke, C., George, P.S., Homewood, K., Imbernon, J., Leemans, R., Li, X., Moran, E.F., Mortimore, M., Ramakrishnan, P.S., Richards, J.F., Skanes, H., Steffen, W., Stone, G.D., Svedin, U., Veldkamp, T.A., Vogel, C. and Xu, J. (2001) The Causes of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change: Moving beyond Themyths. Global Environmental Change, 11, 261-269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(01)00007-3
[10] Bürgi, M., and Turner, M.G. (2002) Factors and Processes Shaping Land Cover and Land Cover Changes along the Wisconsin River. Ecosystems, 5, 184-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-001-0064-6
[11] Lambin, E.F., Geist, H.J. and Lepers, E. (2003) Dynamics of Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in Tropical Regions. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 28, 205-241.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105459
[12] Bürgi, M., Hersperger, A.M. and Schneeberger, N. (2004) Driving Forces of Landscape Change—Current and New Directions. Landscape Ecology, 19, 857-868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-004-0245-8
[13] Hersperger, A. and Bürgi, M. (2009) Going beyond Landscape Change Description: Quantifying the Importance of Driving Forces of Landscape Change in a Central Europe Case Study. Land Use Policy, 26, 640-648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2008.08.015
[14] Forman, R.T.T. (2002) Foreword. In: Gutzwiller, K.J., Ed., Applying Landscape Ecology in Biological Conservation, Springer, New York, 7-10.
[15] Van Etvelde, V. and Antrop, M. (2004) Analyzing Structural and Functional Changes of Traditional Landscapes—Two Examples from Southern France. Landscape and Urban Planning, 67, 79-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(03)00030-6
[16] Anděl, P., Gorcicová, I. and Petrzílka, L. (2008) Atlas vlivu silnicní dopravy na biodiverzitu. Evernia, Liberec.
[17] Anděl, P., Gorcicová, I., Hlavác, V., Miko, L. and Andělová, H. (2005) Hodnocení fragmentace krajiny dopravou— Metodická pcírucka. Agentura ochrany pcírody a krajiny CR, Praha.
[18] Anděl, P., Gorcicová, I., Hlavác, V., Romportl, D. and Strnad, M. (2009) Koncepce ochrany migracních koridorc velkych savcc a územní systém ekologické stability. úSES-zelená pátec krajiny, Kostelec nad Cernymi lesy, Pcíspěvek ve sborníku.
[19] Romportl, D. and Chuman, T. (2009) Změny struktury krajiny v Ceské republice po roce 1990. http://www.cenelc.cz/
[20] Jansen, L.J.M., Carrai, G., Morandini, L., Cerutti, P.O. and Spisni, A. (2006) Analysis of the Spatio-Temporal and Semantic Aspects of Land-Cover/Use Change Dynamics 1991-2001 in Albania at National and District Levels. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 119, 107-136.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9013-8
[21] Fan, F., Weng, Q. and Wang, Y. (2007) Land Use and Land Cover Change in Guangzhou, China, from 1998 to 2003, Based on Landsat TM/ETM + Imagery. Sensors, 7, 1323-1342.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s7071323
[22] Akbulak, C. (2010) Land Use Suitability Analysis of the Upper Basin of the Kara Menderes River Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographical Information Systems. International Journal of Human Science, 7, 557-576.
[23] Sleeter, B.M., Wilson, T.S., Soulard, C.E. and Liu, J.X. (2011) Estimation of Late Twentieth Century Land-Cover Change in California. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 173, 251-266.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1385-8
[24] Dramstad, W.E., Fjellstad, W.J. and Fry, G.L.A. (1998) Landscape Indices—Useful Tools or Misleading Numbers? In: Dover, J.W. and Bunce, R.G.H., Eds., Proceedings of the 1998 European Congress of IALE, Key Concepts in Landscape Ecology, IALE, 3 September 1998, 63-68.
[25] Hietel, E., Waldhardt, R. and Otte, A. (2004) Analysing Land-Cover Changes in Relation to Environmental Variables in Hesse, Germany. Landscape Ecology, 19, 473-489.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:LAND.0000036138.82213.80
[26] Turner, M.G., Gardner, R.H. and O’Neill, R.V. (2001) Landscape Ecology in Theory and Practice: Pattern and Process. Springer, New York.
[27] Kara, F. (2010) Determination of Land Use/Land Cover Change and Urban Growth by Using Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Duzce Province in Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 19, 1312-1319.
[28] Yin, J., Yin, Z., Zhong, H.D., Xu, S.Y., Hu, X.M., Wang, J. and Wu, J.P. (2011) Monitoring Urban Expansion and Land Use/Land Cover Changes of Shanghai Metropolitan Area during the Transitional Economy (1979-2009) in China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 177, 609-621.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1660-8
[29] Vuorela, N. (2000) Can Data Combination Help to Explain the Existence of Diverse Landscapes? Fennia, 178, 55-80.
[30] Guler, M., Yomralioglu, T. and Reis, S. (2007) Using Landsat Data to Determine Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Samsun, Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 127, 155-167.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9270-1
[31] Olah, B. and Bolticiar, M. (2009) Land Use Changes within the Slovak Biosphere Reserves Zones. Ecology (Bratislava), 28, 127-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.4149/ekol_2009_02_127
[32] Gerard, F., Bugár, G., Gregor, M., Halada, L., Hazeu, G., Huitu, H., Kohler, R., Kolar, J., Luque, S., Mücher, C.A., Olschofsky, K., Petit, S., Pino, J., Smith, G., Thomson, A., Wachowicz, M., Bezák, P., Brown, N., Bolticiar, M., De Badts, E., Feranec, J., Halabuk, A., Manchester, S., Mojses, M., Petrovic, F., Pons, X., Roda, F., Roscher, M., Sustera, J., Tuominen, S., Wadsworth, R. and Ziese, H. (2010) Land Cover Change in Europe between 1950 and 2000 Determined Employing Aerial Photography. Progress in Physical Geography, 34, 183-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133309360141
[33] Olah, B., Bolticiar, M. and Gallay, I. (2009) Transformation of the Slovak Cultural Landscape Since the 18th Cent. and Its Recent Trends. Journal of Landscape Ecology, 2, 41-55.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10285-012-0018-z
[34] RSD (2009) Silnice a dálnice v Ceské republice 2009. Reditelství silnic a dálnic CR, Praha.
[35] Saunders, S.C., Mislivets, M.R., Chen, J. and Cleland, D.T. (2002) Effects of Roads on Landscape Structure within Nested Ecological Units of the Northern Great Lakes Region, USA. Biological Conservation, 103, 209-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00130-6
[36] Müller, S. and Berthould, G. (1997) Fauna/Traffic Safety. Manual for Civil Engineers, LAVOC—EPFL, Lausanne.
[37] Forman, R.T.T., Friedman, D.S., Fitzhenry, D., Martin, J.D., Chen, A.S. and Alexander, L.E. (1997) Ecological Effects of Roads: Toward Three Summary Indices and an Overview for North America. In: Canters, K., Ed., Habitat Fragmentation and Infrastructure, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, Delft, 40-54.
[38] Forman, R.T.T. and Alexander, L.E. (1998) Roads and Their Major Ecological Effects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 29, 207-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.29.1.207
[39] Forman, R.T.T. (1999) Horizontal Processes, Roads, Suburbs, Societal Objectives, and Landscape Ecology. In: Klopatek, J.M. and Gardner, R.H., Eds., Landscape Ecological Analysis: Issues and Applications, Springer-Verlag, New York, 35-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0529-6_4
[40] Lipsky, Z. (1999) Sledování změn v kulturní krajině. Ceská zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Praha.
[41] Nováková, J., SkaloS, J. and Kasparová, I. (2006) Krajinná ekologie. Skripta ke cvisení. ceská zemědělská univerzita v Praze.
[42] Balej, M. (2006) Krajinné metriky jako indikátory udr?itelné krajiny. ?eské Budějovice, ?eská geografická spole?nost.
[43] Carr, L.W. and Fahring, L. (2001) Effect of Road Traffic on Two Amphibian Species of Differing Vagility. Conservation Biology, 15, 1071-1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.0150041071.x
[44] Reed, R.A., Johnson-Barnard, J. and Baker, W.L. (1996) Contribution of Roads to Forest Fragmentation in the Rocky Mountains. Conservation Biology, 10, 1098-1106.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10041098.x
[45] Fu, W., Liu, S.L. and Dong, S.K. (2010) Landscape Pattern Changes under the Disturbance of Road Networks. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 2, 859-867.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2010.10.097
[46] Forman, R.T.T. and Deblinger, R.D. (2000) The Ecological Road-Effect Zone of a Massachusetts (U.S.A.) Suburban Highway. Conservation Biology, 14, 36-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99088.x
[47] Angnold, P.G. (1997) The Impact of Road upon Adjacent Heathland Vegetation: Effects on Plant Species Composition. Journal of Applied Ecology, 34, 409-417. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404886
[48] Liu, S.L., Cui, B.S., Dong, S.K., Yang, Z.F., Yang, M. and Holt, K. (2008) Evaluating the Influence of Road Networks on Landscape and Regional Ecological Risk: A Case Study in Lancang River Valley of Southwest China. Ecological Engineering, 34, 91-99.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.07.006
[49] Keken, Z., Kusta, T., Jezek, M. and Martis, M. (2011) A Comparison of Changes in Landscape Structures in Model Sections of the D1 Motorway. Journal of Landscape Studies, 4, 25-34.
[50] Rico, A., Kindlmann, P. and Sedlácek, F. (2007) Barrier Effects of Roads on Movements of Small Mammals. Folia Zoologica, 56, 1-12.
[51] Forman, R.T.T. (1998) Road Ecology: A Solution for the Giant Embracing US. Landscape Ecology, 13, 3-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008036602639
[52] Neubergová, K. and Smejkalová, I. (2008) Funkce zeleně podél dopravních cest. The Conference on the III. Cesko slovenská konference Doprava, zdraví a zivotní prostredí, Litomysl.
[53] Hagler, G.S.W., Tang, W., Freeman, M.J., Heist, D.K., Perry, S.G. and Vette, A.F. (2011) Model Evaluation of Roadside Barrier Impact on Near-Road Air Pollution. Atmospheric Environment, 45, 2522-2530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.030
[54] Bissonette, J.A. and Rosa, S.A. (2009) Road Zone Effects in Small-Mammal Communities. Ecology and Society, 14, 27.
[55] Bennett, A.F. (1991) Roads, Roadsides and Wildlife Conservation: A Review. In: Saunders, D.A. and Hobbs, R.J., Eds., Nature Conservation 2: The Role of Corridors, Surrey Beatty & Sons, New South Wales, 99-117.
[56] Gelbard, J.L. and Belnap, J. (2003) Roads as Conduits for Exotic Plant Invasions in a Semiarid Landscape. Conservation Biology, 17, 420-432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01408.x
[57] Gregorcik, J. (1997) Máme se obávat suburbanizace nasich velkych měst? územní plánování a urbanismus, 24, 39.
[58] Miko, L. and Hosek, M. (2009) Príroda a krajina Ceské republiky: Zpráva o stavu 2009. Agentura ochrany prírody a krajiny CR, Praha.
[59] Bicík, I., Jelecek, L. and Stěpánek, V. (2000) Land-Use Changes and Their Social Driving Forces in Czechia in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Land Use Policy, 18, 65-73.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-8377(00)00047-8            eww141103lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

A Comparison of Methods Used to Determine the Oleic/Linoleic Acid Ratio in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Cultivated peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and food crop. It is also a cheap source of protein, a good source of essential vitamins and minerals, and a component of many food products. The fatty acid composition of peanuts has become increasingly important with the realization that oleic acid content significantly affects the development of rancidity. And oil content of peanuts significantly affects flavor and shelf-life. Early generation screening of breeding lines for high oleic acid content greatly increases the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of methods used to classify individual peanut seed as high oleic or not high oleic. Three hundred and seventy-four (374) seeds, spanning twenty-three (23) genotypes varying in oil composition (i.e. high oleic (H) or normal/not high oleic (NH) inclusive of all four peanut market-types (runner, Spanish, Valencia and Virginia), were individually tested ...
发表评论
阅读全文

Location Optimization of a Coal Power Plant to Balance Costs against Plant’s Emission Exposure

Fuel and its delivery cost comprise the biggest expense in coal power plant operations. Delivery of electricity from generation to consumers requires investment in power lines and transmission grids. Placing a coal power plant or multiple power plants near dense population centers can lower transmission costs. If a coalmine is nearby, transportation costs can also be reduced. However, emissions from coal plants play a key role in worsening health crises in many countries. And coal upon combustion produces CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , CO, Metallic and Particle Matter (PM10 & PM2.5). The presence of these chemical compounds in the atmosphere in close vicinity to humans, livestock, and agriculture carries detrimental health consequences. The goal of the research was to develop a methodology to minimize the public’s exposure to harmful emissions from coal power plants while maintaining minimal operational costs related to electric distribution losses and coal logistics. The objective was...
发表评论
阅读全文

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Continuous Use of a Home-Use High-Frequency Facial Treatment Appliance

At present, many home-use beauty devices are available in the market. In particular, many products developed for facial treatment use light, e.g., a flash lamp or a light-emitting diode (LED). In this study, the safety of 4 weeks’ continuous use of NEWA TM , a high-frequency facial treatment appliance, every alternate day at home was verified, and its efficacy was evaluated in Japanese individuals with healthy skin aged 30 years or older who complained of sagging of the facial skin.  Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), melanin levels, erythema levels, sebum secretion levels, skin color changes and wrinkle improvement in the facial skin were measured before the appliance began to be used (study baseline), at 2 and 4 weeks after it had begun to be used, and at 2 weeks after completion of the 4-week treatment period (6 weeks from the study baseline). In addition, data obtained by subjective evaluation by the subjects themselves on a visual analog scale (VAS) were also analyzed. Fur...
发表评论
阅读全文