跳至主要内容

Flow-Optimization to Enhance Gas Quenching Efficiency for Helical Gears Specimen

Read full paper at:
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=50393#.VDzBTFfHRK0

Numerical simulations based on a conjugate heat transfer solver have been carried out to analyze various gas quenching configurations involving a helical gear streamed by an air flow at atmospheric pressure in a gas quenching chamber. In order to optimize the heat transfer coefficient distribution at key positions on the specimen, configurations involving layers of gears and flow ducts comprising single to multiple gears have been simulated and compared to standard batch configurations in gas quenching. Measurements have been performed covering the local heat transfer for single gears and batch of gears. The homogeneity of the heat transfer coefficient is improved when setting up a minimal distance between the gears (batch density) and when introducing flow ducts increasing the blocking grade around the gears. An offset between layers of the batch as well as flow channels around the gears plays a significant role in increasing the intensity and the homogeneity of the heat transfer in gas quenching process.
Cite this paper
Bucquet, T. and Fritsching, U. (2014) Flow-Optimization to Enhance Gas Quenching Efficiency for Helical Gears Specimen. Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science, 4, 143-152. doi: 10.4236/mnsms.2014.44016. 
 

[1] Clausen, B., Frerichs, F., Kohlhoff, T., Lübben, T., Prinz, C., Rentsch, R., Solter, J., Surm, H., Stobener, D. and Klein, D. (2009) Identification of Process Parameters Affecting Distortion of Disks for Gear Manufacture—Part II: Heating, Carburizing, Quenching. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 40, 361-367.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.200900460
[2] Liscic, B., et al. (2011) Quenching Theory and Technology. Taylor & Francis, London.
[3] Totten, G.E., Bates, C.E. and Clinton, N.A. (1993) Handbook of Quenchants and Quenching Technology. ASM International, Geauga County.
[4] Altena, H., Schobesberger, P. and Schrank, F. (2006) Moderne Gas-Aufkohlungstechnik für die Automobilindustrie. Gas, Warme International, 55, 484-489.
[5] Stark, P. and Fritsching, U. (2011) Modeling and Simulation of Film and Transitional Boiling Processes on a Metallic Cylinder during Quenching. Journal of ASTM International, 8, 61-80.
[6] Stolar, P., Altena, H., Jurci, P., Klima, F. and Honzik, O. (2001) Distortion of Gear Wheels After Quenching in Gas and Oil. Proceedings of the 8th Seminar of the International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering, IFHTSE 2001, Dubrovnik-Cavtat, 12-14 September 2001, 95-102.
[7] Altena, H., Jurci, P. and Stola, P. (2004) Gas and Oil Quenching Effects on Gear Distortion. Industrial Heating, 71, 45-48.
[8] Atraszkiewicz, R., Januszewicz, B., Kaczmarek, L., Stachurski, W., Dybowski, K. and Rzepkowski, A. (2012) High Pressure Gas Quenching: Distortion Analysis in Gears after Heat Treatment. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 558, 550-557.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.08.047
[9] Schüttenberg, S., Frerichs, F., Hunkel, M., Fritsching, U. and Mayr, P. (2004) Verzugskompensation Mittels Gasabschreckung in Flexiblen Düsenfeldern. HTM Hartereitechnische Mitteilungen, 59, 185-192.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/105.100288
[10] Schmidt, R.-R. (2013) Zur Thermo-Fluid-Dynamik beim Hochdruckgasabschrecken: Experimentelle und Numerische Analyse der Hochdruckgasabschreckung Metallischer Bauteile zur Steigerung von Prozesshomogenitat und-Intensitat. Doctoraldissertation, Universitat Bremen, Bremen.
[11] Loser, K., Heuer, V. and Schmitt, G. (2005) Auswahl geeigneter Abschreckparameter für die Gasabschreckung von Bauteilen aus verschiedenen Einsatzstahlen. HTM Hartereitechnische Mitteilungen, 60, 248-254.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/105.100347
[12] Captec Entreprise (2012) Heat Flux Sensor Series.
[13] VDI-Gesellschaft Verfahrenstechnik und Chemieingenieurwesen (2010) VDI Heat Atlas. Springer, Berlin.
[14] Everett, K.N., Gerner, A. and Durston, D.A. (1983) Seven-Hole Cone Probes for High Angle Flow Measurement Theory and Calibration. AIAA Journal, 21, 992-998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.8188
[15] Pellegrino, G., Chaffotte, F., Douce, J.F., Denis, S., Bellot, J.P. and Lamesle, P. (2005) Efficient Numerical Simulation Techniques for High Pressure Gas Quenching. Heat Treating: Proceedings of the 23rd Heat Treating Society Conference, Pittsburgh, 25-28 September 2005, 320-328.
[16] Schmidt, R.R., Fritsching, U. and Lübben, T. (2009) Prozessmoglichkeiten zur gezielten Einstellung des Gasabschreckens. HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials, 64, 351-363.
[17] Menter, F., Ferreira, J.C., Esch, T., Konno, B. and Germany, A.C. (2003) The SST Turbulence Model with Improved Wall Treatment for Heat Transfer Predictions in Gas Turbines. Proceedings of the International Gas Turbine Congress, Tokyo, 2-7 November 2003.
[18] Menter, F.R., Kuntz, M. and Langtry, R. (2003) Ten Years of Industrial Experience with the SST Turbulence Model. Turbulence Heat and Mass Transfer, 4, 625-632.
[19] Mangani, L. and Bianchini, C. (2007) Heat Transfer Applications in Turbomachinery. Proceedings of the OpenFOAM International Conference, London.
[20] von Starck, A., Mühlbauer, A. and Kramer, C. (2005) Handbook of Thermoprocessing Technologies: Fundamentals, Processes, Components, Safety. Vulkan-Verlag GmbH, Essen.
[21] Heuer, V., Faron, D.R., Bolton, D., Lifshits, M. and Loser, K. (2013) Distortion Control of Transmission Components by Optimized High Pressure Gas Quenching. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 22, 1833-1838.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-013-0547-6
[22] Stratton, P.F. and Ho, D. (2000) Individual Component Gas Quenching. In: 5th ASM Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering Conference in Europe and the 3rd International Conference on Heat Treatment with Atmospheres, Gothenburg, 7-9 June 2000, 367-375.
[23] Ward-Smith, A.J., Lane, D.L., Reynolds, A.J., Sahin, B. and Shawe, D.J. (1991) Flow Regimes in Wide-Angle Screened Diffusers. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 33, 41-54.                         eww141014lx
标签：

评论

发表评论

此博客中的热门博文

Does Immigration Promote the Investment of the Monopolistic Firm?

In the present paper, we examine the effect of increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth on the optimal timing of investment of a firm that has a monopolistic power over the labor market. It is revealed that when the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is more than a threshold level, increasing uncertainty of immigrants’ growth accelerates the optimal timing of firms’ investment and enhances the economic growth, even if the uncertainty of immigrants’ growth is formulated by the geometric Brownian motion, which is in sharp contrast to the standard result that an increase in the uncertainty postpones the optimal timing. With an increase in the immigrants over the past ten years, workforces in the host countries have been growing significantly to the extent that the immigrants represent 70% of the increase in the workforce in Europe, and 47% in the United States as OECD indicates. In the present paper, we attempted to investigate the effect of increased uncertainty caused by the growi...
发表评论
阅读全文

Education Policy Implementation: A Mechanism for Enhancing Primary Education Development in Zanzibar

Education is one of the fundamental rights of individuals; therefore, the government of a country needs to develop and strengthen educational policy and quality as well as to ensure that everyone has equal access to basic education. The improvement of access and quality of education in the world is becoming as an essential factor in development, whereas the basic education (primary school), is acknowledged as a foundation of the higher educational development for every country. To fulfill this goal, governments introduce several policies and procedures; however, it requires some reforms and participation from the politician, policymakers, and other stakeholders to re-examine educational policy so that it can lead to multiplication and betterment of the reforms. Educational reforms actually focus on accountability. A positive educational development and reform is very challenging and needs more effort and strategy on how to use and utilize the resources effectively as such it can achie...
发表评论
阅读全文