Since the tourism industry is an economic
activity that is mostly influenced by the image of the destination, negative
images of a destination affect the performance of the tourism industry. Over
the last two decades, many disasters have affected tourist destinations around the world.
To study the impact
of disaster on the performance of the tourism industry, it is essential to
define and conceptualize the interactions in the tourism system. Moreover, it
is important to examine the effects of each disaster event on the performance
of the tourism industry to better explore the relationship between disasters
and tourism. Although disasters have attracted considerable attention in
academia, little attention has been paid to the impacts of recurring disasters
on the multiyear performance of the tourism industry in a specific country.
This paper discussed
the relationship between the performance of the tourism industry and disaster
events, examined the spillover effects of disasters on the tourism sector in
Indonesia and highlighted the Indonesian policy responses in tourism following
multiple disasters. The authors analyzed the multiyear (1998-2016) performance
of the tourism industry using the variables number of inbound tourists,
national/regional income from tourism, and hotel room occupancy rates.
Secondary data were collected from several sources, including legal documents,
Indonesia’s tourism statistics, media outlets and newspapers articles.
The resulted show
that during the past 18 years, disasters have affected the performance of the
tourism industry differently in terms of the scale of destruction, the location
of disasters and the type of disasters (human vs. nature induced). The
spillover effect between provinces has also been captured from the data.
Overall, this paper
argues that in dealing with multiple disasters over long periods of time, the
continuation of regular tourism activities needs a structural approach in terms
of policy responses. Furthermore, the research can be
followed by the future research such as econometric analysis in each event and
the analysis of governmental responses to such disaster.
Article by Erda Rindrasih, et al, from
Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Full access: http://t.cn/EtBcMtJ
Image
by Anoop Negi, from Flickr-cc.
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