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Fermented Brown Sugar Residue Prolongs the Caenorhabditis elegans Lifespan via DAF-16

Fermented brown sugar residue (FBSR) is generated in the course of purifying biomass ethanol from the yeast fermentation products of brown sugar. It contains abundant nutrition and is used in various industrial applications including as fertilizer and feed. Meanwhile, brown sugar has attracted attention as a health food and is thought to prevent cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and brain stem diseases. Furthermore, polyphenol, contained in brown sugar, reduces oxidative stress and inhibits glucose absorption.

DAF-16 is a transcription factor regulated downstream of the insulin signaling pathway and is one of the main factors contributing to aging and lifespan in C. elegans. Therefore, to determine the precise roles of the DAF-16 transcription factor in stress tolerance and life span, it is necessary to elucidate the signaling pathways involved in DAF-16 activation.

This study was designed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling the physiological stress tolerance, motility, and lifespan responses to FBSR by using Caenorhabditis elegans, a free-living (not parasitic), transparent nematode. In this study, fermented brown sugar residue was divided into two layers: supernatant and precipitate fractions, and each was given to nematodes. Synchronization was performed to unify the C. elegans stage of growth.

Analysis of motility and survival rate under thermal stress revealed reduced mobility and increased survival rate following treatment with fermented brown sugar residue. The survival rate of nematodes under 1% H2O2 was markedly increased by the residue and mitochondrial membrane depolarization was induced and mitochondrial radical oxygen species levels increased. Furthermore, aging dependent reduction of motility was suppressed, and the average life span of nematodes was extended by treatment with fermented brown sugar residue. Moreover, the effects of fermented brown sugar residue on stress tolerance, lifespan elongation, and decreased aging dependent momentum reduction were lost in the DAF-16 mutant.

Taken together, the results show that the various physiological actions of fermented brown sugar residue, including stress tolerance and lifespan extension, occur via DAF-16.

Article by Takumi Satoh and Kazuichi Sakamoto, from University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Full access: http://mrw.so/1naVdO

Image by Marco Verch, from Flickr-cc.

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